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| 1 |
ID:
135667
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| Summary/Abstract |
At a time when military modernization is increasingly uncertain and unpredictable, defence production methods have been forced to make dramatic shifts due to structural budget changes and renewed emphasis on fiscal austerity
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| 2 |
ID:
135604
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| Summary/Abstract |
some years ago, the following snippet of conversation was heard while walking the halls of one of the great international defence bazaars. When are we going to get back tgo normal procurement? what do you mean, normal? oh you know, the good old days when the customer had money for everything.
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| 3 |
ID:
136584
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Korean government is emphasizing the role of the defense industry in a bid to connect it more firmly with the country’s economy as a whole. Following the previous government’s policy of developing the defense industry into a new economic
growth engine, the current government is seeking to create innovative defense R&D basis and boost new business in the defense industry as one of the key agendas in the defense acquisition program administration. The key of this policy is how to improve the defense R&D system and industrial base through “Openness and Competition,” which is contrasted to the past policy strongly based on protectionism. In order to realize this, the Korean government is endeavoring to move toward leading future development. This change of focus will require a comprehensive understanding on business environment and performance of the defense industry. The reality faced by defense companies should also be considered from a more objective perspective. In this context, this paper examines the overall management of Korean defense companies and evaluates the policy implications that can be identified in this regard. The main contents of this paper include an overview of supply base of the defense industry, an outline of the trends and structural characteristics of defense revenues, and analyses of overall management status associated with financial matters; number of workers employed; amount of investments; domestic supply of defense items production; and defense exports. Furthermore, by comparing the changing trends of business indicators, points worth considering in the establishment of the future direction of defense policy have been put forward.
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| 4 |
ID:
136036
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| Summary/Abstract |
Going by the dismal record of acquisitions it is a moot question whether the service and the country were better off without the DPP
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| 5 |
ID:
136962
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| Summary/Abstract |
Previous empirical studies on the defense spending-economic growth nexus such as Kollias et al. (2007), Mylonidis (2008), Dunne and Nikolaidou (2012) analyzed this relationship in the case of the EU15. This study extends the analysis with the inclusion of more EU members and investigates the long run causal ordering between the two variables. Findings reported herein are not uniformed across all EU members. It is also found that end of Cold War has significant negative impact on defense expenditures of former east-European countries.
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| 6 |
ID:
136963
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| Summary/Abstract |
This special edition is the product of the 16th Annual International Conference on Economics and Security, held at the American University in Cairo, Egypt, 21–22 June 2012. The conference was organized by the Department of Public Policy and Administration, American University in Cairo, Economists for Peace and Security (Egypt), Economists for Peace and Security (UK), Economists for Peace and Security (US), and the School of Global Affairs at the American University in Cairo. The conference addressed a trajectory of current issues pertaining to the region and across the globe, ranging from applied to theoretical. The conference participants are policy scientists and researchers from different academic institutions and parts of the world, including Egypt, the UK, Greece, the USA, Sweden, China, Turkey, Italy, Germany, South Africa, the Netherlands, Portugal, Switzerland, and Spain.
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| 7 |
ID:
136966
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines the relationship between defense and social welfare expenditures using a panel of 29 OECD countries from 1988 to 2005. It is quite difficult to take into account the simultaneous channels empirically through which the eventual allocation of defense and welfare spending is determined for the guns-and-butter argument. Taking advantage of our collected panel data-set, the panel generalized method of moments method is adopted to control the country-specific heterogeneity and to mitigate the potential simultaneity problem. The main finding of this article suggests a positive trade-off between military spending and two types of social welfare expenditures (i.e. education and health spending). One of the reasons may be that the OECD countries are more supportive of the social welfare programs; therefore, when the military spending is increased (e.g. military personnel and conscripts), the government may raise the health and education spending as well.
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| 8 |
ID:
135620
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| Summary/Abstract |
A key improvement that has taken place across some of the newest acquisitions by the Indian Air Force (IAF) and Indian Navy (IN) has been the substantially improved aircraft on tarmac availability.
The biggest change has been the willingness of both services to pay for Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) maintenance and service support packages which guarantee aircraft readiness rates instead of merely providing the required spares and maintenance support. Such an approach also allows the economies of scale to be leveraged across a worldwide spares support base and clear forecasting of spares requirements based on the manufacturer and user data. This is a far cry from the Eighties and Nineties when brand new aircraft inducted from the erstwhile Soviet Union had poor flight line availability, with the manufacturers not being held accountable for significant shortfalls in aircraft reliability and excessive consumption of spare parts.
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| 9 |
ID:
136394
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| Summary/Abstract |
Saab claims that Gripen has broken the chain of increased performance at the expense of massively inflated cost. Gareth Jennings looks at the cost-curve of the latest variant Gripen E/F and examines the aircraft’s future export potential.
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| 10 |
ID:
135581
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| Summary/Abstract |
In the 21st century a modernized military force and waging war is expensive. As wars engulf the Middle East, Africa and the Ukraine – to mentions a few hotspots- military budgets in the US and many other nations are slashed as their economies can no longer sustain previously high expensive levels. something but, what? How? has to change.
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| 11 |
ID:
136775
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| Summary/Abstract |
The examination of the detailed demands for grant (DDGs) of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) by the Standing Committee on Defence of the 14th Lok Sabha (2004–05 to 2008–09) and recommendations made by the committee had little impact on the country’s defence budget. While the examination was generally perfunctory, the recommendations were either too general or too impractical to be implemented by MoD. This is the second of two articles that examines how the Standing Committee on Defence of the 15th Lok Sabha (2009–10 to 2013–14) followed the same pattern. Its examination was based on pre-conceived notions about the size of the defence budget and, similar to its predecessor, the recommendations were too general to make any impact on the trajectory of the defence budget.
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| 12 |
ID:
136967
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| Summary/Abstract |
The goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between type of welfare regimes and military expenditures. There is a sizeable empirical literature on the development of the welfare state and on the typology of the welfare regimes. There appear to be, however, no empirical studies that examine welfare regimes with special attention to military spending. This study aims at providing a comprehensive analysis on the topic by considering several different welfare regime typologies. To do so, we use dynamic panel data analysis for 37 countries for the period of 1988–2003 by considering a wide range of control variables such as inequality measures, number of terrorist events, and size of the armed forces. We also replicate the same analyses for the political regimes. Our findings, in line with the literature, show that there is a positive relationship between income inequality and share of military expenditures in the central government budget, and that the number of terrorist events is a significant factor that affects both the level of military expenditure and inequality. Also, the paper reveals a significant negative relationship between social democratic welfare regimes and military expenditures.
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| 13 |
ID:
136458
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| Summary/Abstract |
In times of war, the routes to innovation are often brutally radical instead of starry-eyed and fantastical. Still, compared with all the hype and hoopla about revolutionary technologies, little scholarly ink has been spilled over these “low-end” military innovations. “Field mods,” as they are often called, are not the sexy computerized drones and robotic sensations we associate with military innovation. This article recovers the process by which one such military innovation was created and argues that the seemingly bottom-up process of Gun Truck development was in fact a dialectical outcome that emerged from two different suborganization types: a learning organization and a bureaucratic stasis model. The findings from the case carry implications for innovation theory, our understanding of the nature of military organizations in war, and the challenge of technological change in wartime.
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| 14 |
ID:
134709
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| Summary/Abstract |
The post-9/11 use of private security companies in a combat role has credentialed them in the workplace, public arena, and legal system, thus meeting Andrew Abbott’s criteria of an emerging profession. Fiscal challenges and global instability will likely perpetuate this condition and in so doing change the US military profession and its associated civil-military relations that underwrite the all-volunteer force.
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| 15 |
ID:
135563
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| Summary/Abstract |
We ask if self-reliance is an outdated and unaffordable policy principles for the Australian Defence Force – ADF. the affordability, relevance and utility on self-reliance in the so-called ‘Asian Century’ are questionable, and by critically examining the 2013 defence white paper, capacity for the ADF to act independently is – and has always been a fantasy, dislocated from ADF capability development and forces structure prioritisatoin
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| 16 |
ID:
136968
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper analyzes defense spending preferences using ordered logit regression analysis of American National Election Survey data from 1980 through 2008. Our results indicate that as opposed to having the ideology of isolationism, political party identification towards the Republican Party or having economic stakes in defense spending always play a significant role in increased preference towards defense spending. Demographic groups such as Native Americans, Hispanics, and retired women, a demographic subgroup, display generally positive preferences towards defense spending. Somewhat surprisingly, another demographic subgroup, ‘security moms,’ do not show a preference. Our analysis also displays lower (higher) preference in the early 1990s (2000s) for defense spending compared to the year 2008.
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| 17 |
ID:
135203
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| Summary/Abstract |
For much of the twentieth century, leaders and policymakers around the world viewed the strategic importance of trade, and of international economic policy more generally, largely through the lens of military strength. They believed that the role of a strong economy was to act as an enabler, supporting a strong military, which they saw as the best way to project power and influence. But in recent decades, leaders have come to see the economic clout that trade produces as more than merely a purse for military prowess: they now understand prosperity to be a principal means by which countries measure and exercise power.
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| 18 |
ID:
135562
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| Summary/Abstract |
The USMC has relied on its unwavering US congressional financial support through most of the post-WWII era. The nation’s and Pentagon’s fiscal realities – and the cost of new weapons platforms – are among the service’s challenges to funding its future requirements
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