| Summary/Abstract |
All through the millennia of its environmental history, the Middle East1 has seen little change. The region’s environmental mosaic of Mediterranean, semi-arid and arid landscapes, with the two great river systems of the Nile and the Jordan, has remained relatively stable, in spite of the fact that there have been periods of cold, drought and aridity. Mediterranean seashore settlements were involved in maritime trade, riverbanks have been places of irrigated agriculture (and regular and irregular floods) and semi-arid lands provided for nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoralists.
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