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ID:
137286
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP (TPP) initiative was first launched by New Zealand, Singapore and Chile in 2003. Since the United States joined the process in 2011, this concept, significantly reformatted and with an expanded membership, has been regarded as a purely American one. It is also rightly seen as a (if not the) key element of the strategic shift of focus in U.S. foreign policy to the Asia-Pacific Region. It is also often viewed in conjunction with the conceptually symmetrical Transatlantic Partnership between the United States and the European Union. Many experts argue - with varying degrees of credibility - that the combination of these two initiatives is of central, systemic importance to the foreign-policy and foreign economic strategy of the Administration of Barack Obama.
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| 2 |
ID:
137291
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| 3 |
ID:
137285
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE GEOPOLITICAL BALANCE of the latter half of the 20th century was tipped in the early 1990s by the Soviet Union's disintegration which buried the bipolar world order. There is a more or less common opinion that we are entering a Cold Peace era in which Russia might be pushed aside.
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| 4 |
ID:
137284
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE GAS CONFLICT that broke out between Russia and Ukraine in the wake of the February 2014 coup in Kiev made it even more important to minimize the share of gas transported to Europe via Ukraine. The planned South Stream would be not enough to resolve the problem - the carrying capacities of the functioning gas corridors, the recently commissioned Nord Stream in the first place, which bypass Ukraine, should be increased.
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| 5 |
ID:
137292
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| Summary/Abstract |
MUCH HAS BEEN SAID and written about the "shale gas fever" that hit the United States and will spread to other regions to negatively affect supplies of natural gas by long-established exporters.
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| 6 |
ID:
137289
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THE CONVENTION on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (Chemical Weapons Convention or CWC) has become nearly equal in terms of universality to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT) in a comparatively short period of 16 years.
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| 7 |
ID:
137290
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THE RECENT EVENTS in Ukraine and the OSCE's constructive role in settling the crisis in the country's southeast (its active involvement under Swiss chairmanship in drafting and realizing the Geneva and Minsk Agreements, dispatch of OSCE observer mission charged with ceasefire and human rights monitoring) confirmed its relevance as an instrument of international crisis diplomacy indispensable when it comes to dealing with the military and political aspects of the Ukrainian crisis.
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| 8 |
ID:
137283
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THE FORMER SOVIET UNION (FSU) remains a zone fraught with conflicts on the political map of the world. Political instability and festering disputes, including territorial disputes and disputes between political elites, prevail in many countries of the region.
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| 9 |
ID:
137282
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE UKRAINIAN STORM of 2013-2014 pushed the world dangerously close to Cold War II. The coup and the bloodshed which swept the country were caused by the refusal of the Yanukovich regime to draw closer to the EU no matter what rather than by the fairly acute social, economic and political disagreements inside the country.1 The consecutive packages of anti-Russian sanctions imposed by the European Union and coordinated, to a great extent, with the U.S. and several other non-European allies look very logical in the context of the stalled dialogue between the two key European players. It was in 2012-2013 that many of the expert community recognized an absence of a more or less noticeable progress in moving toward a visa-free regime between the EU and Russia and in settling other important bilateral issues for what it really was: the EU's unwillingness to develop equal partnership with Russia rather than technical discrepancies (according to Brussels). Its attention was riveted to the Eastern Partnership program designed, among other things, to detach CIS countries from Russia and draw new dividing lines in Europe. Is it correct to say that the anti-Russian rhetoric heard from Brussels and its active support of the radical Ukrainian nationalists who came to power in Kiev through an armed coup buried the Greater Europe idea? What is Greater Europe?
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| 10 |
ID:
137287
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE HUMAN RIGHTS DISCOURSE has always been accompanied by the most heated diplomatic and political debates, while the security issue of addressing new challenges and threats (NCT)* has been regarded by some experts as being devoid of politics, presumably making it easier for the states to negotiate common solutions. In the past few years, however, things have changed dramatically: balancing human rights and freedoms, on the one part, and measures designed to promote security, on the other, has become one of the most confrontational issues. This is evidenced by discussions held in various international organizations (UN, Council of Europe, OSCE), flaring up debates on human rights and their observance within the framework of counterterrorist struggle, with some states using the above issue as an instrument of political pressure. Particularly revealing in this context is the policy stand taken by the United States (and indeed by all other Western states) - especially against the backdrop of the actual situation in this area.
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| 11 |
ID:
137288
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| Summary/Abstract |
GLOBAL TRANSFORMATIONS of the last few decades have affected, to a great extent, international space: globalization which added mobility to global population and vagueness to national borders; information technologies and transport infrastructure which are developing by leaps and bounds, etc. are changing the nature of human contacts and the relationships between transnational companies, organizations and states.
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