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| 1 |
ID:
138861
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| Summary/Abstract |
Ghanaian women have made, and continue to make, considerable progress on their journey to the upper echelons of the decision-making institutions of the country. However, the overall number of women in decision-making positions, especially in the civil service, is distressingly small. At the end of 2011, for example, of 36 positions available only six were filled by women, as chief directors of a ministry. What is being witnessed in the civil service, then, is what has been described in the academic literature and popular press as the glass ceiling. This paper examines what has been and is being done by government, and what sort of strategies will be necessary to deal with the problem. The questions addressed are what are the strategies; and how effective are they in breaking down the glass ceiling that appears to exist in the civil service and which prevents women from progressing into senior management. What is the way forward – or up – in breaking through the glass ceiling?
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| 2 |
ID:
138858
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| Summary/Abstract |
Traditional or indigenous politico-administrative institutions, as opposed to those of western origin, appear to be regaining their once lost allure in Africa. Yet, it is not enough to simply extol or advocate a return to tradition. There is a need to examine the implicit hypothesis of such advocacy. Are traditional institutions truly capable of making a positive contribution to ongoing efforts to promote good governance and, ultimately, development in Africa? The present study attempts to address this question by analysing the traditional system of Meta, an acephalous polity with a tradition of autonomous chiefdoms and village-centric orientation, in the Northwest Region, Cameroon. A sample of village-level initiatives undertaken within the polity’s decentralized indigenous politico-administrative framework, and region-wide development projects under the auspices of centralized modern institutional bodies, are compared. Results show the indigenous systems markedly outperforming their modern counterparts, particularly based on outcome measures of good governance. This provides some empirical justification for recommending the incorporation of traditional institutions in the modern governance process in Cameroon in particular and Africa in general.
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| 3 |
ID:
138855
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article provides an overview of the policies of the colonial and post-colonial state regarding the tribal people of Andhra Pradesh. The penetration of colonial capital, the policies of the Nizam state which supported this and the resultant process of land alienation is analysed, followed by the presentation of various attempts by the post-colonial state to return tribal land by means of the Land Regulation Act, to rectify the wrongs of the past and to halt any further alienation. The article concludes by arguing that the state has not been successful in ending the process of land alienation which destroys tribal life.
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| 4 |
ID:
138860
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| Summary/Abstract |
The 1992 decentralization reform in Mali failed to address the deficiencies embedded within the state. The resurgence of the Azawad crisis and the coup d’état of March 2012 have made these limits striking. After a brief account of the causes behind the century-long decay of Tuareg people, I will show that the 2013 elections may only represent an ephemeral solution unless strong policies of institution strengthening are deployed and the northern elites are put in condition to exert legitimate authority. The decentralization reform and peace agreements of the 1990s and 2000s have further increased the weakness of security forces. Moreover, they proved unable to provide northern elites with adequate means for securing legitimation and activating a process of institutional anchoring.
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| 5 |
ID:
138856
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study investigates the importance of social-ecological systems in the conservation of forest and woodland resources in a planned resettlement area in Zimbabwe. The study uses methodological integration, comprising a questionnaire survey and participatory rural appraisal that were conducted on five randomly selected farms to explore the way resettled communities interact with tree resources and the cultural and traditional practices that they employ to conserve the resources. The study concludes that forest andwoodland resource conservation is a function of complex and dynamically linked processes that are not only embedded in biophysical space but also connected to socio-economic and political realms depicting the livelihoods, social needs and culture of members of the resettled communities. This knowledge is important for designing conservation strategies in future resettlement areas.
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| 6 |
ID:
138859
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| Summary/Abstract |
Conventional wisdom holds that democratic governments listen to their populations, while authoritarian governments do not. This paper questions the extent to which this dynamic applies in cases of government scandals, using the illustrative cases of China and Kenya. We expect democratic countries with free media to be responsive and authoritarian states to ignore public pressure. Counter to this expectation, however, authoritarian China is more responsive to public pressure to clean up scandals than democratic Kenya. Using case studies and quantitative analysis, we argue that while democracy and free media are important for government responsiveness to scandal, they are neither necessary nor sufficient conditions. We assert that political will, state capacity to respond and high public expectations for state action are also necessary.
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| 7 |
ID:
138857
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| Summary/Abstract |
Based on archival and ethnographic research, this paper examines the introduction, nature and implementation of a recent anti-immigrant act in Guangdong province and its implications in the regional, national and international contexts. Chinese state regulation of undocumented African migrants is analyzed with regard to the legal production of African ‘illegality’ in the Guangdong context; the contradictions in the implementation of the Guangdong Act and its unintended consequences; and the discrepancy between anti-African immigrant campaign at the local level and pro-African political ideology at the national and international levels.
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