| Summary/Abstract |
SET UP IN 1948, Israel a year later was officially recognized by Turkey that became its closest partner in the Middle East, the region swept by the Arab wars of independence in which Turkey was the only pro-Western state. In 1954, Gamal Abdel Nasser explained that "Turkey, because of its Israeli policy, is disliked in the Arab world." At that time, their ties were mostly symbolic.1
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