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| 1 |
ID:
138698
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| Summary/Abstract |
Just after addressing the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore in June 2012, Leon Panetta, then the American secretary of defense, visited New Delhi, where he remarked that “defense cooperation with India is a lynchpin in this [pivot] strategy.” Since the thrust of the “pivot” has been on the maritime balance of power in the Indo-Pacific, both the Pacific and the Indian
Oceans have gained tremendous traction in the new U.S. strategy
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| 2 |
ID:
138709
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| Summary/Abstract |
tephen M. Griffin, who joined the Tulane law faculty in 1989, specializes in constitutional theory and history. He contends that the propensity of American presidents to engage in war without proper authorization from Congress has “destabilized” the American constitutional system and “deranged policy making.” He rightly acknowledges that the struggle to define the limits of executive power dates back to the American founding but insists that something unique occurred in the aftermath of the Second World War.
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| 3 |
ID:
138700
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As a global response to piracy off the coast of Somalia was taking place, alarm bells were ringing about a similar growing insecurity in the Gulf of Guinea. Today, the Gulf of Guinea stands as the most dangerous maritime area in terms of the success rate of attacks and violence. The United Nations Security Council adopted Resolutions 2018 (in 2011) and 2039 (in 2012) expressing grave concern about the mounting insecurity in the region and its consequences for regional and global security. A United Nations (UN) team was deployed to the region to assess the situation.
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| 4 |
ID:
138705
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This article examines the Bulgarian government’s struggle to modernize its navy since the end of the Cold War. Although the Bulgarian navy is small, it is an important navy and an interesting case study, for two reasons: it plays an important role in protecting and advancing Bulgaria’s interests in the maritime domain, and it operates in an increasingly challenging maritime nvironment. Situated in the southeastern part of the Balkan Peninsula on the Black Sea, on
which it has a long coastline, Bulgaria has important economic and security interests in the maritime domain, and its navy has a significant part to play in protecting these interests. Bulgaria’s Black Sea ports of Varna and Bourgas are the gateways of 60 percent of the nation’s foreign trade and are vital to its economy. Bulgaria has also become one of the leading tourist destinations in Europe.
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| 5 |
ID:
138699
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| Summary/Abstract |
On 3 September 2014, almost six years since Chinese warships first entered the Gulf of Aden to fulfill antipiracy duties, China Central Television (CCTV)–8 aired the first episode of “In the Gulf of Aden” . The multidozen-episode program, designed to “ignite raging patriotism” , given evening prime-time status, and attracting a popular audience with a star-studded cast, explores in dramatic fashion Beijing’s experience fighting modern piracy. Produced by the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) Political Department’s Television Art Center over three years, the series offers a unique window into how the PLAN has conducted its antipiracy mission and seeks to portray its experience to a Chinese audience.
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| 6 |
ID:
138697
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All military operations are attended by various forms of risk. Risk permeates the fabric of war—from the actions of individual soldiers, sailors, and airmen to the policies, strategies, and decisions of national leaders. Decisions and actions have both potential and real consequences, and intelligent decision making normally involves a calculation of the odds for success and failure, as well as consideration of the consequences of potential failure. When success is less than a sure thing but through analysis of the salient aspects of the problem, including costs and consequences of failure, a commander decides to proceed nonetheless,
we can say that he is taking a “calculated risk.
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| 7 |
ID:
138710
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| Summary/Abstract |
Richard Betts is one of the most distinguished strategists in the United States today. He is the Salzman Professor of War and Peace Studies and the director of the International Security Policy Program at Columbia University. Not only has he written five prizewinning scholarly books, but he has a wealth of practical experience in formulating and implementing U.S. national security policy and strategy.
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| 8 |
ID:
138701
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| Summary/Abstract |
Was the battle of Midway won or lost? In a recent edition of the Naval War College
Review, James Levy grappled with some of the recurrent issues found in the scholarship of the battle of Midway, all of them related to the question whether one or another aspect of the Japanese way of war led to a catastrophic defeat at the hands of the U.S. Navy.
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| 9 |
ID:
138703
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| Summary/Abstract |
The 2008 war between Georgia and Russia was predictably short, as Russian military might quickly trumped Georgian nationalist enthusiasm. Beyond its momentous geopolitical implications, it was the first war in which cyber activities loomed large; the conflict marked the public birth of “cyber war,” or at least cyber in war.
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| 10 |
ID:
138704
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Naval warfare in the littorals has much in common with war conducted on the open ocean. However, there are also some significant differences, due to the extremely complex, dynamic, and challenging physical environment of the former. The peculiarities of the physical environment in the littorals offer many challenges—but also opportunities—in the employment of naval forces and aircraft. Distinctions between characteristics of war on the open ocean and in the littorals must be thoroughly understood; otherwise, commanders and their staffs simply cannot plan or employ their forces properly .
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| 11 |
ID:
138706
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| Summary/Abstract |
Since 2005, when Shattered Sword: The Untold Story of the Battle of Midway was published, there has been much discussion about its conclusions. Likewise, in the course of time there have appeared books like John Lundstrom’s Black Shoe Carrier Admiral, Dallas Isom’s Midway Inquest, Elliot Carlson’s Rochefort’s War, and Craig Symonds’s The Battle of Midway, and several articles of note. One of the most interesting interpretations of the battle is Midway Inquest, which came out in 2006. While we cannot accept all of Isom’s arguments, he does make a key point—that Admiral Nagumo Chūichi and his 1st Air Fleet staff have been scapegoated, given too much of the blame for the Midway debacle. This is particularly true when it comes to the supposedly faulty reconnaissance arrangements utilized during the battle.
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| 12 |
ID:
138696
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| Summary/Abstract |
The growing need to protect global shipping routes and the intensification of maritime territorial conflicts have led to a naval arms buildup around the world. Perhaps the most-cited example of this new focus on naval power is the increasing number of countries building or planning new aircraft carriers, but many analysts are more concerned about the proliferation of modern attack
submarines.
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| 13 |
ID:
138707
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| Summary/Abstract |
The U.S. Navy continues to suffer from poor decision making among a small number of commanding officers (COs), as demonstrated by continued headlines: “Squadron Commander Relieved of Duty after Alleged Drunk Driving Incident”; “Amphib [amphibious force] CO Fired, Source Says Linked to Alleged Bribery Scheme”; “Sub Commander Relieved of Duty after Woman Alleges He Faked Death to End Affair”; “Navy Investigates ex–Blue Angels ommander
after Complaint He Allowed Sexual Harassment”; and “Navy Skipper Abdicated Command.”
5 Since the publication in these pages in 2012 of Captain Mark F.
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| 14 |
ID:
138702
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| Summary/Abstract |
This essay was written in response to an article by Angelo N. Caravaggio, “‘Winning’
the Pacific War: The Masterful Strategy of Commander Minoru Genda,” which appeared in the Winter 2014 issue of the Naval War College Review (pages 85–118).
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| 15 |
ID:
138708
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| Summary/Abstract |
Successfully implementing innovation within a bureaucracy ultimately requires a champion to navigate the inherently political processes of securing sponsorship and resourcing. This is just as important to the very small as to the very large programs, particularly during periods of fiscal austerity. “It’s fragmented,” commented retired rear admiral Paul Ryan, former commander of the U.S. Navy’s Mine Warfare Command, in April 2014. “There is no single champion for mine
warfare.
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