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ID:
186207
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| Summary/Abstract |
The operational and strategic effects associated with the creation of defensive bastions in the seas off China, in Eastern Europe, or the Persian Gulf have prompted extensive military debate. The article aims to contribute to this debate by speculating on the potential creation of an Algerian A2/AD bubble in the Western Mediterranean. Such a zone does not appear to exist, but Algerian military developments allow it to monitor air and naval movements in an area comprising the Straits of Gibraltar, the Balearic Islands and Sardinia and to increase its capability to deny access to these parts, thus consolidating an AD zone with potential strategic effects.
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| 2 |
ID:
142963
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| 3 |
ID:
158501
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| Summary/Abstract |
Kaliningrad Oblast is one of the most telling examples related to practical implementation by the Russian Federation of the US-coined concept that came to be known as Anti-Access/Area-Denial (A2/AD). This westernmost Russian region, which has been detached from the rest of the country since 1991, used to be one of the most heavily militarized spots in the world in 1945–1991. After 1991, it lost much of its military potential yet has now regained it, becoming Russia’s most advanced military stronghold. This article analyzes the essence of this transformation through tackling the issue from three different angles. First, it provides theoretical discussion on the essence of the A2/AD concept and its applicability to Kaliningrad. Secondly, it discusses the main historical milestones related to the transformation of Kaliningrad Oblast into Russia’s military stronghold. Thirdly, it assesses the impact of the post-2014 events on Kaliningrad in terms of military buildup.
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| 4 |
ID:
154841
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| Summary/Abstract |
The global proliferation of precision-strike systems may be challenging the foundations of Western military-technological supremacy. Relatedly, the development of so-called Anti-Access and Area Denial (A2/AD) capabilities across the globe threatens to complicate Western freedom of military movement and access, and could give way to a more contested military-strategic environment. The twin challenges of precision-strike proliferation and A2/AD strongly impact NATO’s agenda, which revolves around strengthening deterrence and defence in Eastern Europe, and addressing the different threats emanating from the so-called Southern European neighbourhood. In order to address or mitigate such challenges, the Alliance needs to produce operational concepts and capabilities able to deliver deterrence and expeditionary warfare in a maturing precision-strike environment, one characterised by the emergence of A2/AD capabilities.
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