| Summary/Abstract |
In the 1990s, China showed practically no interest in Turkmen oil and gas. It developed this interest in the middle of the first decade of the twenty-first century and has been widening it ever since. In three years (2006-2009), Beijing built up its presence in Turkmenistan and, after the agreements of September 2013, became an uncontested leader in the Turkmen oil and gas industry.
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