| Summary/Abstract |
Riga, for instance, during the Holy Roman Empire had the status of a free imperial city and was a port through which Russia exported large amounts of goods such as furs, honey, resin, and timber, and imported various manufactured products from Europe. Between the 14th and 16th centuries, Riga, Reval (Tallinn) and Memel (Klaipeda), all of which were Hanseatic cities, were prosperous regional trading and financial hubs, where German, Polish, Russian, Swedish, and English could be heard spoken.
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