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HAAS, MICHAEL CARL (2) answer(s).
 
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ID:   145942


Access for allies? NATO, Russia and the Baltics / Zapfe, Martin; Haas, Michael Carl   Journal Article
Zapfe, Martin Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract One of the most important debates currently underway within NATO focuses on the extent to which the Alliance should have a forward presence of Allied combat forces in the exposed Baltic States. Limited-presence arrangements are likely to fall short of their deterrent purpose if they fail to account for Russia’s growing ability to threaten NATO’s operational access to the Baltics. Martin Zapfe and Michael Carl Haas argue that any NATO strategy of assured access would face significant hurdles and come at a price. Although it could considerably strengthen conventional deterrence, such a strategy would be liable to exacerbate the regional security dilemma and could lead to a lasting regionalisation of the Alliance.
Key Words NATO  ;  Russia  ;  Baltics  ;  Warsaw Summit 
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2
ID:   153888


Evolution of targeted killing practices: autonomous weapons, future conflict, and the international order / Fischer, Sophie-Charlotte; Haas, Michael Carl   Journal Article
Haas, Michael Carl Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract This article examines the potential use of autonomous aerial weapons for targeted killing purposes and, in doing so, looks beyond the now-familiar “global war on terror.” We argue that the combination of novel capabilities with the pre-existing military-theoretical frameworks of advanced Western states, within which autonomous weapons will be embedded, may be conducive to an expansion of targeted killings to scenarios other than military counter-terrorism. The confluence of autonomous weapons and targeted killing practices may therefore lead to a further weakening of long-standing norms regulating the use of force, including in interstate scenarios. We also find that international regulation is unlikely to forestall this outcome, and that political-military insistence on centralized operational control may mitigate—but not negate—the disruptive potential of these developments. As a result, the possible consequences for the international order of an evolution of targeted killing practices along these lines should not be underestimated.
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