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| 1 |
ID:
161205
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| Summary/Abstract |
Although the Chinese government has mobilised the world’s largest number of youth participants in various civic service programmes since 1949, evidence indicates that the programmes remain far from achieving their goals. To examine the challenges of and options for implementing state-led youth civic services in China, this article begins with a literature review and later describes a study that involved the application of qualitative methods to explore structural features that have affected the implementation of state-led civic service programmes in China, including “Graduates Voluntarily Serving in Western China” (Daxuesheng zhiyuan fuwu xibu), “Graduates Serving as Village Officers” (Daxuesheng cunguan) and “Graduates Engaging in Teaching, Agriculture, and Health and Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas” (San zhi yi fu). The findings indicate a boundary between state power and the market order that, as a structural factor, limits the number and types of institutions that may host youth in state-led civic service programmes in China. In response, China’s state-led civic service programmes should not limit themselves to the public sector but invite the third sector to participate in order to overcome state–market barriers. Moreover, at the policy level, a win-win situation is possible if the central government delegates the hiring power to the local government and host institutions.
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| 2 |
ID:
182990
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By analysing the Chinese General Social Survey and Taiwan Social Change Survey data from 2011, this article examines from institutionalist and culturalist perspectives the trust level and influencing factors of patients in the Chinese Mainland and Taiwan. Findings have demonstrated that trust levels of patients in the Mainland and Taiwan are internally differentiated, with a high level of general trust and a low level of specific trust. Second, patients in the Mainland have a higher level of general trust than patients in Taiwan, but their level of specific trust is lower than that of patients in Taiwan, which may be attributed to the influence of traditional Chinese culture and the social transition. Third, although institutional factors play a more significant role, consistency is embodied in institutional and cultural factors that affect the trust of patients in both the Mainland and Taiwan. However, in the Mainland, medical satisfaction has a greater impact on patients' trust, while, in Taiwan, medical equity, internet use and universal trust have stronger effects on patients' trust. Therefore, to improve patient trust in China and Taiwan, there should be greater focus on institutional factors, while not neglecting the cultural factors.
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| 3 |
ID:
146691
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In line with the opening up of Chinese society, a variety of policy adjustments have been undertaken to legitimise the voluntary service organisations (VSOs) that provide various services to the general public. This article applies the qualitative method in examining the legitimisation process of a faith-based VSO that has an international background, and aims to promote human rights and dignity. The findings indicate, first, that the VSO adopts rational compromise strategies, which include “doing rather than saying”, using the “right” words that are acceptable to the government, seeking common interests with the government and seeking common core values with the clients. Second, the compromise strategies help the VSO to achieve a formal legal status and enhance its organisational autonomy, including financial sustainability and independent power in personnel matters. Therefore, the aforementioned compromise approach is a new form of state–society interaction that may gradually facilitate the legitimisation of civil society.
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| 4 |
ID:
175879
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Chinese government opened the door for faith-based organisations to provide public services in 2005. However, faith-based social work services remain an understudied research field. This article begins with a literature review of the institutional environment for faith-based organisations and addresses three issues: the types of faith-based social work organisations that have emerged in China; the development of faith-based social work organisations; and the implications of their rise for the development of social work as a profession in China. By analysing longitudinal data collected from 2006 to 2019, this article identifies three models of faith-based social service organisations that have emerged and developed in China: (i) traditional faith-based organisations that hire social workers; (ii) grassroots social service organisations that are supported by religious bodies; and (iii) grassroots social service organisations that are operated by religious social workers with no affiliation to religious bodies. Although most of the organisations obtain public funding partially from the government, findings have shown that organisations of the third model type have the most diverse funding sources and have developed minimal dependency on the government. With trust and support from diverse stakeholders, faith-based organisations of the third model type appear to be suitable placement agencies providing social work students with employment and the value base to reflect critically their personal faith and social work values in China's unique sociopolitical context.
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