| Summary/Abstract |
This article explores the carrying out of Pakistan's first census in 1951 from the perspective of contemporary developments in the southern province of Sindh. Conducted against the backdrop of Partition-related migration to and from the province, this attempt at population enumeration proved to be a mammoth bureaucratic undertaking on the part of the recently-created Pakistani state. The challenges that this exercise posed at the provincial level shed light on processes of attempted nation-building as well as the centrality of population counting to the biopolitical management of citizenship during a key period of transition in mid twentieth-century Sindh.
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