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| 1 |
ID:
175234
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper seeks to analyse the adoption of Energy Efficiency Measures in non-residential buildings. Based on the concepts of agency theory and absorptive capacity, the propensity of Micro-, Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises in Portugal to adopt energy efficiency in lighting, insulation, and the replacement and operation of heating, was evaluated. To achieve this, an online survey was carried out, and the resultant data was treated using Probit models. The main findings suggest that absorptive capacity factors are a key reason for adopting more efficient and profitable technologies. Policymakers should provide assistance and information to the managers of these enterprises regarding the benefits of energy efficiency measures. Additionally, this paper shows that subsidiary enterprises are more likely to adopt energy efficiency measures. Although subsidiaries suffer pressures due to agency theory factors, they may also benefit from knowledge transfers from their parent enterprises. Most of the decisions and barriers considered by enterprises are not based on audits or the advice of energy management professionals, since more than 65% of the respondents have never performed an energy audit, and over 82% do not have an energy manager.
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| 2 |
ID:
150749
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Improving energy productivity is one of the most cost-effective ways to achieve a sustainable development target. The existing literature has shown some factors that have driven the improvement in China’s energy productivity. However, these studies do little to tackle the role of Chinese local officials. Political promotions can be seen as the most important career incentive for Chinese local officials. Hence, we intend to study whether energy productivity affects Chinese local officials’ promotions in this paper. The data of position changes for the 31 provincial governors during 1978‐2012 are utilized. We adopted probit models to empirically examine the correlation between provincial governors’ political promotions and energy productivity. The empirical results demonstrate that (1) energy productivity has a significantly positive impact on provincial governors’ political promotions in China, meaning that the provincial governors have the momentum to improve energy productivity; and (2) the effect of energy productivity on provincial governors’ political promotions has evolved, dynamically changing along with the transformation of the economic growth mode and the adjustment of the local officials’ promotion mechanism. The results are helpful in understanding the drivers of the improvement in China’s energy productivity and provide insightful implications for conducting energy policy in China.
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| 3 |
ID:
170108
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This paper aims to examine the effect of public expenditure on local officials' promotion. The main objectives of this study are as follows. Firstly, we seek to discuss if the expansion of public spending will contribute to local official promotion. Secondly, we analyze, if the positive effect is possible, how is the influence of expenditure structure on official promotion; for example, what is the different between the effect of productive expenditure and welfare expenditure. Finally, we also examine the hysteresis effect of local official promotion. The panel data from 284 Chinese cities for the period of 1990–2016 are estimated using the probit model. The major findings are the following: (1) fiscal gap will positively affect officials' promotion; and (2) basic construction expenditure and official's promotion is positively correlated; however, (3) education expenditure's effect on officials' promotion is negative; and (4) real estate investment improve officials' position in the promotion championship; and finally, (5) in the early stage of official change, public expenditure and investment will statistically significant than the latter stage.
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| 4 |
ID:
170096
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| Summary/Abstract |
By using the survey data of China’s rural households from 2003 to 2009, we identified the determinants of renting in and out the plots and estimated their impact on household welfare. First, we developed a bivariate dynamic probit model for the behaviors of renting in and out to manage the impact of the intertemporal decision-making that has been somewhat ignored by the literature; next, we developed a panel multiple endogenous treatment effect model for land rental impact to manage the self-selection problem stemming from the unobserved variables. The results show that regardless of renting in or out, both scenarios have statistically significant positive effects on the net income and balance of disposable financial assets, and renting out also has a significant positive effect on consumption expenditure.
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| 5 |
ID:
169874
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| Summary/Abstract |
Whether and how to share the incremental cost of energy efficient residence compared with common buildings between housing developers and buyers is an urgent problem to be solved in promoting energy efficient residence. This study estimates urban residents' willingness to pay (WTP) for energy efficient residence in Beijing and Changchun in China to provide important reference for this issue. The revised norm-motivated consumer choice model is used to identify the key factors in the two decision-making stages of determining WTP. Based on survey data and using probit and interval regression models, it shows that energy-saving revenue and incremental cost are the key factors affecting whether or not to buy energy efficient residence, and the preference for positive personal image only has a significant positive effect in Beijing. The mean and median WTP of Beijing residents are about 340 Yuan and 405 Yuan per square meter, respectively, whereas those of Changchun residents are about 350 Yuan per square meter. Policies targeting the energy saving and incremental cost of energy efficient residence and tailored to local residents' preferences can stimulate the promotion of energy efficient residence effectively.
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| 6 |
ID:
163301
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| Summary/Abstract |
Unincorporated enterprises often bypass formal regulations in general and taxation in particular. Bringing unincorporated enterprises under the taxation system is a challenge often faced by tax administrators, and it is in this regard that the present study explores the factors which influence the decision of unincorporated enterprises to register with the state value added tax (VAT)/sales tax authority across states in India. This analysis is limited to the decision regarding registration. It is not necessary that enterprises that are registered pay taxes and/or file returns—however, the process of registration does provide some information to the tax department for follow ups. The study throws up some interesting results for policymakers and tax administrators.
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