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ID:
166990
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| Summary/Abstract |
By now, the importance of renewable energies is consolidated for the promotion of more and more green systems. Although this issue has become one of the cornerstones of the European Union and of each members States, evaluating the effectiveness of the applied environmental policies still results difficult. The basic aim of the paper is to propose an innovative approach for ex post monitoring of the actions carried out by Italian regions. By using both a multivariate technique and a classic convergence analysis, we set out to test in an original way whether the Italian regions realized in a successful way the environmental policies established by European Union (EU) in the energy sector. The results obtained highlight the existence of several improvements between 2008 and 2015, mainly in Southern regions, historically recognized as the less dynamic ones. Moreover, by using a panel data model we are able to offer useful suggestions about the financial allocation among the several typologies of renewable for reducing pollutants.
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| 2 |
ID:
157160
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| Summary/Abstract |
The successful launch of the Chinese Beidou (Compass) Navigation Satellite System (hereafter refers to as BDS) makes it the third operational navigation satellite system capable of offering regional services after GPS and GLONASS in the end of 2012. Yet considering the dominant role of GPS in global GNSS market, it's a great challenge to maximize the utilization of other systems and cultivate competitive domestic navigation industries for all latecomers in the GNSS community. This paper analyzes the current strategy of BDS industrialization by a detailed review of current policy documents from both central and local government, examines the progress of BDS industrialization based on statistical data and expert interviews, and summarized the current strategy of BDS industrialization as indigenous in key domains and compatible in commercialization. Then a stakeholder analysis is conducted to analyze the consideration behind current strategy. This paper also comes up with several policy recommendations for Chinese decision makers' reference to improve BDS related policies in the future from a latecomer's perspective based on detailed comparison analysis of BDS's advantages and disadvantages.
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| 3 |
ID:
150908
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Dutch Government stimulates the application of energy efficiency measures to reduce the energy requirements of buildings, which are responsible for about 20% of the Dutch CO2 emissions. For our assessment, we followed a qualitative approach, due to a lack of data. We reviewed the mix of policy instruments and used stakeholder surveys and interviews. We found that energy use is not very likely to decline fast enough to achieve the Dutch policy targets for 2020. For new buildings, the policy mix works well, but its contribution to the policy targets is limited. For non-residential buildings the current Act, which obliges enterprises to take cost-effective measures, could be enforced to a greater degree. For privately owned homes a more compelling policy is needed. An alternative policy option would be to make taxation dependent on the energy label of residential houses. This would stimulate residents to take action while retaining the desired autonomy. For rental housing, binding agreements between municipalities and housing corporations may lead to more energy saving measures. Finally, we conclude that the Dutch energy tax is an important pillar of the current policy. It provides higher cost-effectiveness of energy saving measures and legitimates more strict energy efficiency standards.
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