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ID:
181923
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| Summary/Abstract |
This brief essay meditates on the advent of the ideal of horizontal social relations, exemplified in the early CCP years in the political term, “comrade” (tongzhi). It takes up Qu Qiubai as exemplary of a Marxist political thinker whose commitments to horizontality/comrade relations can be illustrated through his theories of literature, translation and language. It proposes that despite Xi Jinping's recent rhetorical admonishments to re-activate “comrade” as a political term, it is the LGBTQ community's appropriation of “comrade” in contemporary China that actually holds the potential for a substantive reanimation of the utopian ideals begun a century ago.
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| 2 |
ID:
151716
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| Summary/Abstract |
The mandate that Chinese Communist Party (CCP) members should “address each other as comrades, not by official rank” (hu cheng tongzhi, bu yao jiao guanxian 互称同志, 不要叫官衔) as an expression of equality and shared values has been reemphasized by the Party leadership time and again. This article shows that relations within the Party are also sometimes deliberately fraught with tension, and as a result, the word “comrade” has been used during intra-Party conflicts with the aim of creating status uncertainty among cadre ranks. This strategic use of “comrade” emerges in purges, campaign politics, and anticorruption efforts. It allows the highest leaders to consolidate their power under the linguistic umbrella of solidarity and to inculcate doubt about personal loyalties among Party factions.
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