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ID:
162629
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| Summary/Abstract |
Using data from the 2012 China Enterprise Survey conducted by the World Bank, this study examines the determinants of intangible investment by private manufacturing firms and its impacts on firms' productivity in China, thus shedding light on the recent development of intangibles in one of the largest emerging economies in the world. Higher human capital, larger firm size and better institutional quality are found to increase the propensity and the amount of intangible investment, yet fiercer market competition generally decreases both the propensity and the amount invested in intangibles. We provide evidence that the disaggregated components of intangibles are positively correlated with firm productivity and there is complementarity between software and organization investment. Implications for policies to enhance investment in intangibles are identified from the empirical results.
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| 2 |
ID:
152807
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article uses firm-level data for India to examine the determinants of innovation activity, focusing on variables related to economic openness. Firms that export and those that import are found to be significantly more likely to engage in innovation, defined sequentially as the introduction of new products, new processes, new systems, or devotion of financial resources or time to research and development. Concretely, exporters are 22 per cent more likely to introduce a new product than non-exporters, while the corresponding figure is 66 per cent for importers. Openness to trade is, therefore, a key determinant of firm-level innovation, which is a key component of economic growth.
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| 3 |
ID:
170085
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper studies whether monetary transmission in China is asymmetric. While researchers have found an asymmetric transmission in the US and other economies, China offers a specific rationale for asymmetries: the presence of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) with preferential access to financing. To study the consequences of SOEs for monetary policy transmission, we differentiate between expansionary and restrictive policy shocks and argue that SOEs generally suffer less from a policy tightening and benefit more from a policy easing. Based on sector-specific macroeconomic time series and a large firm-level data set, we provide evidence of a systematic and sizeable asymmetry in the transmission of monetary policy shocks in China. The nature of the asymmetry is consistent with the notion of explicit or implicit government guarantees of SOEs and has consequences for the adjustment of aggregate variables. In contrast to other central banks, the People's Bank of China seems able to “push on a string”.
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