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| 1 |
ID:
154046
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| Summary/Abstract |
Europe has a strong interest in and a history of assisting Iran in controlling inflows of drugs from Afghanistan. But due to Iran’s increasing use of the death penalty in drug trafficking cases, Europe has terminated its cooperation. Based on interviews with Iranian policy-makers and representatives of both human rights organizations and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), this article presents Denmark’s withdrawal of drug control funding in 2013 as a case study, analyzing the dilemmas and trajectories of joint Iranian-European drug diplomacy and the prospects for reengagement following the nuclear agreement.
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| 2 |
ID:
154045
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| Summary/Abstract |
Throughout its existence, the Iraqi Ba‘thist regime engaged in a war against Kurdish insurgents. Declassified Ba‘th Party documents reveal that beyond military means, Baghdad saw identity as a useful resource in suppressing the uprising. The documents tell of a sophisticated divide-and-rule strategy, using bureaucracy, law, and militia recruitment to manipulate the various minority communities in northern Iraq against the rebels and each other. Drawing on these documents, this article provides a detailed analysis of this strategy.
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| 3 |
ID:
154047
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article compares Palestinian refugees and exiles’ written accounts of their visits to their places of origin in present-day Israel. The discussion is based on texts published by educated, upper-middle-class Palestinians living in the diaspora or in the West Bank, who made their visits as private citizens. After surveying the existing literature on refugee visits their homes in other post-conflict zones, the article discusses an aspect of Palestinian visits that previous studies have left untouched: the encounter between visitors and present occupants.
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| 4 |
ID:
154044
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article offers a critical examination of the vocabulary associated with the study of ‘sectarianism’ in the Middle East. It surveys Arabic- and English-language works on ‘sectarianism’ to illustrate how the term’s lack of definition has allowed it to be used in contradictory ways that render it, not simply meaningless, but distortive to our understanding of the region. In addition, the term ‘sectarianism’, with its inescapably negative connotations, has been used as a tool to neutralize political dissent and stigmatize people’s religious identity and otherwise legitimate acts of expression and mobilization.
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| 5 |
ID:
154043
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines the interaction between territory, sovereignty, and statehood in the Middle East and North Africa. Various groups have aspired — and have failed — to become states since the contemporary regional system’s inception after World War I. Since the 2011 uprisings, movements claiming territory and sovereignty have emerged or become more viable throughout the region, including the Islamic State in Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), Rojava, Cyrenaica, Azawad, and the Kurdistan Regional Government. Each poses different challenges to the regional system and holds out different hopes for rectifying historical missteps in state-building.
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| 6 |
ID:
154048
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| Summary/Abstract |
In the two years since Yemeni president ‘Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi called on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) to intervene against the expanding threat of the Huthi insurgency in March 2015, the conflict in Yemen has left more than 7,500 killed and another 18.8 million in need of humanitarian aid.1 The GCC-led intervention is only the latest phase of conflict in Yemen, which in the last 15 years has witnessed a string of armed rebellions in the north from 2004 to 2010, experienced a southern insurgency after 2009, and been the theater of American drone strikes on suspected al-Qa‘ida affiliates since 2002. Indeed, the complexity of the Yemeni conflict indicates the series of challenges faced by peace-builders and mediators in an ever-changing conflict environment.
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