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| 1 |
ID:
188248
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this introduction we present the justification and the analytical frame of our special issue. More specifically, this issue examines the institutional role of defence ministries in fortifying civilian control and military effectiveness. As we argue, scholarship on this subject is sparse, despite the ministry’s importance in enforcing civilian control, enhancing military effectiveness, and conducting the day-to-day affairs of national defense. If defence ministries are to fulfill these obligations, they must be properly positioned, financially and bureaucratically endowed, as well as staffed with knowledgeable civilians with sufficient authority. Not all ministries are up to these standards. To highlight these aspects, our special issue examines the defense ministries of four countries, two of which are older democracies (France and India) and two more recently established ones (Argentina and South Korea). These case studies pay particular attention to organizational design of the ministries, the roles assigned to civilian and military personnel, how much defense expertise civilians and officers can claim, and whether there are mechanisms that allow ministry personnel to convert resources into military strength. We underscore our contribution to the literature and suggest avenues for further research.
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| 2 |
ID:
154412
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| Summary/Abstract |
I
n India, service officers and civil bureaucracy share a very delicate
relation, which many in the military find skewed unfavourably towards
the bureaucracy. It is perceived that instituting the appointment of
single-point military advisor would help to mitigate, to a great extent,
the said problem besides making the military operationally efficient and
administratively effective. Instituting the appointment of single-point
military advisor is imperative but, equally important are accompanying
reforms in the defence architecture and its systems and processes to make
the appointment and the defence establishment effective. T
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| 3 |
ID:
155606
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| 4 |
ID:
188247
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| Summary/Abstract |
South Korea’s transition from military-controlled authoritarianism to consolidated civilian-dominated democracy is widely considered a success story. However, civilians’ roles within the MND remain severely limited due to the institutional design of the MND. A decentralised structure emerged in the MND, delegating policy decision-making in critical areas to professional soldiers. Data analysis on 1,060 employees in 21 MND departments shows a clear cut between the military domain and the civilian domain within the MND, which enabled the military to thwart 30 years of civilian efforts to reform the military structure without challenging the principle of civilian supremacy.
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