| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
156467
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
The ascension to urban citizenship and assimilation into urban life for rural to urban migrant workers is a pressing mission during the current process of rapid urbanization in developing China. However, the issue of how self-employed migrants, who account for up to 25 percent of total migrant workers in 2009 (Meng, 2012), acquire urban citizenship remains understudied. Using a unique sample from the 2009 Rural to Urban Migrants in China (RUMiC) survey, this paper explores whether self-employment choice contributes to migrant workers' ascension to urban citizenship and integration, and uncovers the underlying mechanisms. We find that although self-employed migrants are capable of earning a higher income, and improving their living conditions, their tendency to reside permanently in the city is not significantly different from their counterparts of wage workers. We argue that self-employed migrants, who are less covered by urban social securities and are more discriminated against by current urban household registration (Hukou) system, tend to lose faith in ascension to urban citizenship. It implies that a social security system with self-employed migrants being covered as well as an urban Hukou admission system favoring diverse human capital (especially taking into account entrepreneurship) would help accelerate the urbanization process.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
ID:
187883
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
This paper studies the effect of urban cultural diversity on the entrepreneurship activities of rural-to-urban migrants in China. Merging nationwide data from two different sources, we construct the city index of cultural diversity and explain the entrepreneurial behavior of migrant workers from the perspective of culture. We find robust evidence that urban cultural diversity significantly increases the probability of rural-to-urban migrant workers undertaking entrepreneurial activities, and the effect is larger for necessity entrepreneurship. Compared with intraprovincial migrant workers, urban cultural diversity has a greater effect on interprovincial migrant workers. We also find that the effect of urban cultural diversity on migrant workers who work in the eastern region and highly developed cities is significantly larger. The mechanism analysis suggests that innovation resource accessibility and social inclusion explain the increase in the entrepreneurship engagement of migrant workers produced by urban cultural diversity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|