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| 1 |
ID:
151691
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| Summary/Abstract |
Dennis Kennedy deals with the issue of constructing spectators’ subjectivity, suggesting the term ‘audience gestures’ to explain the complicated behaviour of spectators and focusing on the active bodily dimension of reception (e.g., applause, cheering, booing, hissing). In his view, audience gestures construct the subjectivity of the spectators in terms of social and cultural identities, though they depend on the ‘horizon of expectations’ – the sociopolitical, cultural and aesthetical baggage of the audience. In contrast, this article argues that it is the performance that mostly directs and even programmes audience gestures, which in turn construct the spectators’ subjectivity or identity. By way of exemplifying how the ‘horizon of expectations’ directs the ‘audience gestures,’ this article will discuss audience behaviour in two Israeli theatrical productions – one dealing with secular Jewish identity, the other with Mizrhai ethnic identity – in terms of constructed social identities.
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| 2 |
ID:
151681
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‘Cross-Straits Relations’ is the title given by the protagonists to the relations that evolved in the past 20 years between Taiwan and the People’s Republic of China. Designed to create confidence-building measures and trust and avoid military confrontation in a frozen, abeyant intractable conflict, these ties have grown enormously in trade volume, investments and people’s exchange. The following article poses the question of whether such relations between two hostile regimes might serve as a model for future conflict management of the hot and active intractable conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, and eventually the Arab countries with which Israel does not yet have peace treaties.
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| 3 |
ID:
151690
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| Summary/Abstract |
Conditional life expectancy of the elderly has increased in developed countries, including Israel, in the last few decades. For Israel, this development and government policies adopted in the last decades have undermined the public’s pension security. The most significant factor that currently affects the pension level is the low number of accrual years in pension savings, particularly for women, but also for men. The rise in conditional life expectancy makes it necessary to extend people’s working years by developing a labour market suited to the needs of the elderly population. Age-related affirmative action in occupations best suited to the elderly should be instituted through relevant legislation.
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| 4 |
ID:
151683
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| Summary/Abstract |
While the establishment of the Elon Moreh locality in the second half of the 1970s constitutes an important milestone in the evolution of post-1967 Jewish settlement in the biblical lands of Judea and Samaria (or the West Bank as they have been known since their 1950 Jordanian annexation), the episode has been surprisingly neglected by the professional literature. This article seeks to fill that lacuna by exploring the factors and circumstances underlying this momentous event, as well as the political and legal struggles attending its occurrence. As such, it not only offers the first comprehensive historical account of this episode but also shed important fresh light on one of the more intractable aspects of the Israeli‒Palestinian conflict.
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| 5 |
ID:
151692
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article has three goals: to examine whether any changes occurred in leisure time exercise patterns in the adult Jewish Israeli population between 2007 and 2012; to identify the barriers that prevented adult Israelis from exercising and what changes if any occurred in the barriers; and to examine the relationship between frequency of exercise and barriers to exercise during the six-year period under study. By way of exploring these issues, a survey of the target population was carried out in each year of the researched period with a combined sample of 3000 participants. Results reveal an increase in physical activity after 2009, and a sharp decline among those who were sedentary. To remedy this situation, the article proposes the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), which provides the explanation for overcoming the gap between intentions and actions of adherence.
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| 6 |
ID:
151688
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| Summary/Abstract |
In recent years, terrorist organizations have made considerable progress in their operations and in the technology they employ by using unguided rockets. Such developments are amplified in the case of Israel, where they pose a clear and present danger to the country’s population centers. This article examines how the firing of unguided rockets at Israel impacts the capital market and whether such impact is permanent or transitory. Having examined firing events based on categorical characteristics of the Terror Index, the article detects a negative correlation between the severity of the event, the range of the trajectories, the number of fatalities and wounded, and index returns. Similarly, it was observed that only in the events accompanied by low rocket-firing rates were the capital markets permanently affected.
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| 7 |
ID:
151687
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The issue of dealing with the end of life, in the context of death with dignity, has gained wide public significance in recent decades. Enacted in Israel in 2005, the dying patient law does not apply to vegetative state patients, leaving them with no decision regarding their fate. This article discusses the policy of non-decision using as a case study the treatment and the option of abstaining from treatment of patients who have been classified as ‘vegetative state’ (VS). This analysis was conducted while focusing on the various explanations for adopting a policy of non-decision, and suggests that it is the gap between the national level of policymaking, where a policy of non-decision is adopted, and the local level of policymaking, where concrete decisions are required, that harms those affected both directly and indirectly by the decisions made. With the aim of informing policymakers about their choice, the article will explain how a policy of non-decision leads to local medical positions that create a street-level policy, ignoring the shared medical needs of the VS patients as a group. The ramifications of this choice lead to a failure to exhaust all treatment options, or alternately, the impossibility of avoiding treatment of these patients.
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| 8 |
ID:
151686
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Israeli medical ethics require that physicians avoid participating in commercials for medical and other products. Journalistic ethics require exclusion of commercial content from journalistic texts, and stipulates that media coverage of controversial issues be balanced and objective. Moreover, direct-to-consumer-advertising (DTCA) of prescription drugs and embedded marketing is banned in Israeli media. This article examines whether both norms were met in coverage of medication in three Israeli newspapers to provide the public with balanced and objective information. The level of balance in coverage was assessed by the ratio between promotional and limiting contents, using framing theory and evaluating the relative prominence of information sources, applying advanced countervailing powers theory. Results show promotional content almost three times greater than limiting contents. Prescription drug citations comprised 88% of journalistic articles. About half of these articles cited sources perceived as objective: researchers or physicians. However, given their funding dependence on drug companies, such coverage is arguably embedded marketing, which has societal implications.
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| 9 |
ID:
151685
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines the sources of media bias in coverage of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict by applying Dave D’Alessio and Mike Allen’s framework for measuring media bias to a sample of German, British, and US newspaper articles on the 2010 Gaza flotilla raid. It suggests that British and especially German newspapers exhibit a significant anti-Israel bias, whereas the results for the United States are mixed. Testing five potential explanations for the occurrence of media bias in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, this article also suggests that a newspaper’s ideological leaning as well as a country’s public opinion, demographic make-up, and relationship with Israel explain the occurrence of these biases rather well, whereas national business interests do not.
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| 10 |
ID:
151682
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| Summary/Abstract |
The city of Jerusalem and the Palestine cause have been internalized by Islamist movements throughout the world as a pan-Islamic issue. Turkey’s Islamist movement, or the National Outlook Movement as it is known, has similarly appropriated Jerusalem as a cause to be defended against what it sees as Israeli encroachments. On two occasions in 1980 and 1997, the National Salvation Party and the Welfare Party, representing the Islamist movement, organized political demonstrations or events to highlight the significance of Jerusalem for the Muslim community and used it as an excuse to demand the introduction of Islamic law in an ardently secular country. These endeavours resulted in a backlash from the military, toppling the governments in power due to political instability and a purported threat to the secular nature of the regime.
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