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ID:
177599
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| Summary/Abstract |
Within the social sciences, there is growing interest in the ways in which cryptocurrencies are shaping interactions. The major approaches have been economic, sociological, legal, and technological. On the other hand, the international relations (IR) literature has been silent on the issue. This is striking as cryptocurrencies are considered to be a potential threat to dollar’s hegemony (Pierracini 2018), which has been credited as garnering the US economic and political advantages associated with its power position in international society (Strange 1987). Furthermore, private crypto-investments also stimulate debates on the denationalisation of currencies, which implicates the entire state-based architecture of Westphalian politics. Therefore, the emergence of cryptocurrencies could influence hegemonic cycles, diplomacy, and power distribution among states and between state and non-state actors.
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| 2 |
ID:
159151
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| Summary/Abstract |
There has been near-universal condemnation of the use of chemical weapons in the Syrian conflict. The international community has nevertheless struggled to make progress on holding the perpetrators to account. This article reviews developments at the international level in terms of Syrian chemical weapon justice between 2011 and 2017. It argues that there have been substantive disagreements between states on the rationale and means of justice in the Syrian case. It also argues that international initiatives have been tightly intertwined with developments in chemical disarmament and conflict resolution processes as well as the broader war. The article describes progress and challenges to chemical weapon justice in a number of distinct formal international mechanisms during the period studied. The analysis concludes by contextualizing international responses—including the U.S. tomahawk strikes against a Syrian airbase—to the Khan Shaykhun chemical attacks of April 2017.
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