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| 1 |
ID:
165284
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| Summary/Abstract |
Development cooperation is a foreign policy tool marked by deep-seated conflicts of interest and dilemmas of particular relevance to second-tier and non-nuclear countries that aim to change their international status and role. Building on the concept of ‘graduation dilemma’, this article compares specific dilemmas that Brazil and South Africa face in their foreign policies concerning the development cooperation agenda at three levels: the domestic, the regional and the global level. The research question guiding this analysis is: how does the graduation dilemma manifest in relation to Brazil and South Africa’s role in development cooperation?
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| 2 |
ID:
177612
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| Summary/Abstract |
Drawing on the layered model of identity change, this paper identifies three layers shaping South Africa’s foreign policy identity and how it is enacted through various roles. The most sedimented, fundamental layer least subject to change involves South Africa’s assertion of its sovereignty and its quest for legitimacy. The middle layer provides more exact demarcations between Self and Other, highlighting South Africa’s role in being a leader, mediator and bridge. Finally, the top, least institutionalized layer reveals that, although Pretoria is no longer subject to the hard misplacement of the apartheid years, South Africans’ sense of exceptionalism to the rest of the continent in the post-apartheid era and other Africans’ deep ambivalence toward South Africa, continue. The article highlights continuities and discontinuities between the apartheid and post-apartheid periods of statehood.
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| 3 |
ID:
192929
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| Summary/Abstract |
How do deeply unequal cities in the Global South project soft power, and what are the tensions and contradictions that emerge when they do? Cities’ strategies to enhance their international appeal can be gauged through three interlocking or complementary approaches: first, leveraging the strategic value of events and associated services; second, developing iconic architecture and mega-projects; and third, making themselves attractive to the so-called “creative class.” Drawing on a brief comparative analysis of Rio de Janeiro and Cape Town, these strategies are assessed in relation to the dynamics of soft power and soft disempowerment. Although Rio de Janeiro and Cape Town share formidable resources to generate soft power, their societal complexities of crime and violence cast a heavy disempowering shadow on their innovative soft power strategies.
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