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| 1 |
ID:
162698
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| Summary/Abstract |
The article asserts that China’s NOCs have trumped Indian oil companies in four ways. First, Chinese NOCs have more oil blocks in Angola and Nigeria relative to Indian oil companies. Second, NOCs from China are able to outbid Indian oil companies if and when they directly compete for the same oil blocks. Third, Chinese NOCs have better quality oil blocks compared to Indian oil companies. Fourth, Chinese NOCs are preferred as partners by African NOCs and international oil companies. It provides a more comprehensive explanation of the above observations by examining macro level factors such as difference in the economic, political and diplomatic support received by the Chinese and Indian oil companies from their respective governments and foreign exchange reserves and micro level factors such as access to capital, rate of return on investment, pricing of oil and risk aversion.
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| 2 |
ID:
162697
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| Summary/Abstract |
Incoherent, or even nonexistent, is the common criticism leveled at India’s public opinion. Given this criticism, scholars of Indian foreign policy often do not consider public attitudes in their research. Contrary to this, I trace the evolution of India’s public opinion and foreign policy connections since the early 1990s to demonstrate that the Indian public has opinions on foreign policy and that those opinions have limited but growing impact on the country’s foreign policy.
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| 3 |
ID:
162699
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| Summary/Abstract |
Getting subnational governments to behave in a fiscally responsible manner is a challenge in federations. Fiscal Responsibility Legislation (FRL), which binds subnational governments to fiscal prudence, has been seen as a way of meeting this challenge. We examine this issue in the context of states in the Indian federation. We seek to investigate the extent to which states have tried to improve their fiscal health in the post-FRL period.The fiscal performance of 15 Indian states, both before and after the enactment of FRLs, is examined. Initially, we compare a measure of fiscal performance (e.g., gross fiscal deficit as percentage of each state’s output) for specified number of years after enacting the FRL with the performance over the same number of years prior to enacting the FRL. We then employ GMM estimation approach to estimate a dynamic panel data model to study the impact of the FRLs. Our analysis suggests that federal transfers have likely played a much more important role in the process of restoring states’ fiscal health as compared to their own-efforts at such improvement. This paper thus signals the need to re-look at the quantum and design of intergovernmental transfer such that states are encouraged to boost their own-revenue collection efforts.
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