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ID:
168312
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| Summary/Abstract |
Carbon emission verification is one of the key factors required for proper implementation of a cap-and-trade (C&T) system. However, to obtain more revenue, emission generating companies (GCs) may collude with third-party verifiers (3 PVs) and conceal real carbon emission data. Based on actual practice of Shenzhen's C&T system, a three-player game model has been devised in this paper to analyze the behaviors among GCs, 3 PVs and government. Given the government's current piecewise linear re-verification policy, the optimal reported carbon intensity for GCs has been provided. Our research reveals that if the actual carbon intensity is larger than historical carbon intensity GCs may report less carbon intensity and conceal actual carbon emission. To deal with this issue, a new exponential re-verification policy is proposed. Based on authentic data from Shenzhen's C&T system, the experimental results show that the government should devote more attention to GCs with a decreasing industrial product output value-added (IVA) than to those with high carbon emissions when selecting GCs for re-verification. Our experiments also illustrate that the new policy outperforms the current one on both total concealed amount of carbon emission and total re-verification cost if the initial re-verification probability is set within a specific range.
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| 2 |
ID:
166995
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| Summary/Abstract |
The production and consumption of energy is the predominant source of air pollution worldwide. Thus, governmental energy control policies may lead to large reductions in air pollutant emissions. Energy policies can be broadly categorized into two types based on their policy goals. First are emission reduction policies, identified as throttling measures, which aim to reduce emissions from the source; second are renewable energy policies, which are dedicated to the development and promotion of renewable energy. This paper employs a spatial econometric method to empirically test the effects of these two types of energy policies on China's emissions of major air pollutants, namely PM10, PM2.5, and SO2, using panel data from 27 provinces and four direct-controlled municipalities over the period from 2003 to 2016. The results offer evidence that provincial emission reduction policies have positive impacts on reduction of PM10, whereas provincial renewable energy policies have positive impacts on the reduction of SO2 and PM2.5. The results also show that energy policies in one province can influence emissions of pollutants in neighbouring provinces due to policy spillover effects. Several policy implications are made based on the research findings.
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