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ID: 192602

Beyond Self-Censorship: Hong Kong’s Journalistic Risk Culture under the National Security Law / Lee, Francis

Lee, Francis	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

Professional and liberal-oriented news media in Hong Kong have been under severe political pressure since the establishment of the National Security Law in 2020. Journalists now have to navigate a more dense and uncertain legal minefield. Self-censorship has intensified. This article argues that self-censorship and other media responses can be better understood under the broader framework of risk culture. Drawing upon 43 in-depth interviews with journalists from 12 organizations, this article reconstructs how news organizations and journalists have developed methods to assess and manage risk and describes the characteristics of their risk assessment and management and the changing character of self-censorship. The emerging risk cultures have helped maintain organizational stability and journalistic professional identity. The concluding discussion elaborates on the implications of the analysis for understanding self-censorship and press freedom in Hong Kong, briefly compares Hong Kong’s situation with mainland China’s, and reflects on the possible development of risk cultures in other institutional contexts.

Key Words

National Security Law ; Hong Kong’s Journalistic Risk Culture ; liberal-oriented news media

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ID: 171027

Solidarity in the Anti-Extradition Bill movement in Hong Kong / Lee, Francis

Lee, Francis	Journal Article
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One important aspect of the 2019 Anti-Extradition Bill (Anti-ELAB) movement in Hong Kong is a high degree of solidarity between the movement’s moderate and radical flanks. The solidarity has contributed to the movement’s sustainability and played important roles in its dynamic evolution. This essay attempts to explicate how the solidarity has been produced, maintained, and negotiated. It first outlines the changing relationship between the moderate and radical flanks of the city’s pro-democracy movement since the 2000s. It then explicates the social, experiential, and discursive bases of solidarity in the first five months of the Anti-ELAB movement. It illustrates the role of – as well as the limitations to – an ethics of solidarity in managing conflicts in intra-movement debates. General implications of the analysis on studies of social movements are discussed.

Key Words

HongKong ; Social Movements ; solidarity ; Discursive Codification ; Anti-Extradition Bill Movement ; Pre-democracy Movement

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