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| 1 |
ID:
171218
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| Summary/Abstract |
Asteroid and comet collisions present low-chance, high-impact risks for the Earth. As such, it is unlikely that space powers will invest into capabilities aiming at the development of new deflection technologies leaving planetary defense with two readily available methods – kinetic impactor and nuclear warhead. Legally and normatively, the use of a nuclear device in outer space is in the current state of affairs forbidden. In the case of an emergency with an impending impact, such an approach is needed. This article suggests that establishment of an exception in international space law strengthens the nuclear regime while allowing for an effective deflection in the space domain if the need arises.
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| 2 |
ID:
171215
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| Summary/Abstract |
International law concerning outer space is developing at a steady pace since humankind’s first step towards space exploration in 1958with the launch of Sputnik 1 and Explorer 1. Since then, space is a growing area of political and economic significance. While significant steps by the international community of states in the form of treaty obligations and principles in international space law are apparent, it is yet to be ascertained whether, and if at all, there are customary international laws or jus cogens principles in place regarding outer space and the issues of governance therein. This paper enumerates and discusses the different principles of outer space law and determines if these principles attain the status of jus cogens.
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| 3 |
ID:
171217
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| Summary/Abstract |
Space is a warfighting domain. States around the world are proliferating technologies for space warfare. The design concept of an inflatable spherical solar power satellite, known as the Power Star, revolutionizes space warfare. The Power Star offers a variety of dual uses with both commercial and military applications, and a renewable energy technology that replaces fossil fuels in the global economy. At the same time, the Power Star is a space-based directed energy weapon, and encompasses a communication, cyber, and electronic warfare suite that detects and tracks enemy satellites, missiles, hypersonic weapons, and aircraft, and engages in space-borne jamming. A mega constellation of Power Stars delivers fire power and effects across orbit and the atmosphere on a global scale. In combination with a variety of co-orbiting satellites, a space force fleet of Power Stars exercises effective control of orbit and allows a space force to act decisively in space warfare.
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| 4 |
ID:
171216
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper situates the ongoing debate and recently changing political narrative around the fundamental principle of “peaceful purposes” as enshrined in the Outer Space Treaty. The origins and evolution of the meaning of peaceful purposes are discussed. Further, the paper advances arguments on numerous fronts for the international community to not fall for the misinterpretation of the Outer Space Treaty that is proffered by actors advocating for non-peaceful uses and for making outer space a warfighting domain. In this context, practical suggestions on ways to preserve outer space for peaceful purposes are advanced.
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