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| 1 |
ID:
171516
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| Summary/Abstract |
Successful electrification of cities' heating and cooling demands depends on the sustainable implementation of highly efficient ground source heat pumps (GSHP). During the last decade, the use of shallow geothermal energy (SGE) resources in urban areas has experienced an unprecedented boost which nowadays is still showing a steady 9% market growth trend. However, the intensive market incorporation experienced by this technology entails different responsibilities towards the long-term technical and environmental sustainability in order to maintain this positive trend. Here we present a SGE management framework structure and a governance model agreed among 13 European Geological Surveys, providing a roadmap for the different levels of management development, adaptable to any urban scale, and independent of the hydrogeological conditions and the grade of development of SGE technology implementation. The management approach reported is based on the adaptive management concept, thus offering a working flow for the non-linear relationship between planning, implementation and control that establishes a cyclical and iterative management process. The generalized structure of the SGE management framework provided allows the effective analysis of policy to identify and plan for management problems and to select the best management objectives, strategies and measures according to the policy principles proposed here.
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| 2 |
ID:
181442
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| Summary/Abstract |
Social acceptance of renewables, such as geothermal energy, is a key factor in successfully meeting national energy targets. Siting geothermal energy projects can be challenging because of induced seismicity related to deep geothermal energy, which may reduce public acceptance. This research investigates how informing the public about seismic risk associated with deep geothermal projects influences affect, emotions, attitudes, and the perceived risks and benefits related to both, deep and shallow geothermal projects. Two between-subjects experimental studies were conducted with representative samples of the Swiss population (N1 = 1′018; N2 = 1′007). Results show that information about seismic risk of deep geothermal energy projects significantly influences perceptions of associated projects. Specifically, a spillover effect of seismic risk information on shallow geothermal projects is observed for affect and emotions, as well as for perceived risks and benefits, but not for attitudes. Spillover effects were stronger when information about seismic risk was presented in a negative, emotionally laden manner. For policymakers, the results suggest that the population is open to the use of geothermal energy, but early communication will be key to avoiding a decline in acceptance. This research also highlights the importance of measuring affective factors, in addition to cognitive ones, in acceptance research.
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