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SLIWA, ZDZISLAW (2) answer(s).
 
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1
ID:   175691


NATO “Defender 2020” exercise in the Baltic States: Will measured escalation lead to credible deterrence or provoke an escalation? / Ploom, Illimar; Sliwa, Zdzislaw; Veebel, Viljar   Journal Article
Veebel, Viljar Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract The Defender 2020 military exercise and its related deployments look fairly reasonable and rational from the perspective of the Baltic States and NATO, but when theoretically analyzing its options left, the Russian political leadership could react severely or enact a series of policies from such an initial “provocation”. More importantly, Russia could perceive that the Baltic Sea Region is being transformed into a potential area for confrontation from which also they could benefit from additional escalation. In the broadest sense, the article tries to both clarify and join the intentions of NATO and the reaction of Russia.
Key Words NATO  Deterrence  Baltic States  Defender 2020 
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2
ID:   173244


Strategic Competition or Possibilities for Cooperation Between the United States and Russia in the Arctic / Sliwa, Zdzislaw; Aliyev, Nurlan   Journal Article
Sliwa, Zdzislaw Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract This article analyzes military capabilities, strategic documents, and approaches of the United States and Russia as competitors in the Arctic. After analyzing both powers’ strategies and military capabilities in the Arctic, the assessment is that a direct conflict is not likely in the mid-term, as it could have implications for both countries and for the rest of the world. Consequently, this perception could deter confrontation in the Arctic and, conversely, even could push Washington and Moscow to continue collaboration in areas such as maritime regulation, the environment, and the utilization of natural resources based on communication between them and by doing so avoid accidental conflict situations. This may not only prevent potential conflicts, but could mitigate misunderstandings or misinterpretations that may arise in the event of any accidental collision.
Key Words United States  Russia  Arctic  Strategic Competition 
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