| Summary/Abstract |
THE "LIMINALITY" and "re-lslamization" phenomena1 caused by the split in the ranks of the Islamic theological elite into the moderate majority (minimalists) and radically minded minority (maximalists) [Waghid. 2011:5-8] came to the fore in some of the North African Arab countries and in many sub-Saharan countries with considerable Islamic populations. Radicalization of apart of the Islamic political elite betrays itself in a much greater political and military activity of Muslim maximalists and a much wider scope of activities of extremist Islamic organizations.
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