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| 1 |
ID:
173306
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| Summary/Abstract |
IN 2020, the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation mark their 300th jubilee. On February 28 (March 10), 1720, Czar Peter I published a General Regulation of State Collegiums, one of the chapters of which dealt with archives and instructed to concentrate all documents of the central organs of power, except for financial documents, in the archives of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs (CFA). This laid the foundation for not only departmental but also national archiving.
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| 2 |
ID:
173298
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THE WORLD ORDER is undergoing yet another transformation, and one whose result is hard to foresee.1 Europe is getting ready to get involved in rivalries among options for globalization, and this means it is again important for scholars to take up something that until recently was in danger of becoming a peripheral area of research - holistic studies of individual countries, including analysis of behavior models of smaller states and their desire and resources for relationships with larger actors.
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| 3 |
ID:
173300
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TWELVE COUNTRIES. Roughly 40% of global GDP. One-third of world trade. More than five years of talks, 30 topics of negotiation and 6,000 pages of text. All of this went into the Trans-Pacific Partnership Treaty, a free trade agreement (FTA) that was one of the world's most ambitious economic projects but never came into force. It was an accord of a new type that stated a new perception of trade, was to be a major step in its liberalization, and reflected all key international trends from e-commerce to gender equality.
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| 4 |
ID:
173295
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE U.S.-INITIATED disruption of the status quo in trade with China has laid the foundation for fundamental changes in relations between Washington and Beijing, and established a confrontational track for their development in the coming years and possibly even decades. A significant increase in trade barriers between the two largest economies in the world has left its mark on global trade and economic ties. At the height of the tariff war in late 2019, the U.S. levied duties on $375 billion worth of Chinese imports, and China imposed duties on $110 billion in supplies from the U.S. According to the IMF, this led to a 0.8% decline in global GDP by 2020.1 In January 2020, Beijing and Washington signed the "first phase" of a trade agreement that was supposed to iron out the disagreements between the countries. But the truce has so far raised more questions than answers.
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| 5 |
ID:
173302
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WITH BUSINESSES and governments interacting closely today, often facing the same threats and challenges and following the same economic laws, it is essential to base corporate and national security strategies on effectively the same principles.
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| 6 |
ID:
173303
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| Summary/Abstract |
IT IS A WELL-KNOWN historical fact that since the Rurikids there was a firm rule to include into the official title of the autocratic rulers of Russia all lands that belonged to the Muscovite State and all the territories attached to Russia, the population of which differed from the Great Russians by its national composition and religious affiliation. The Romanov dynasty, proclaimed the legal heir to the Grand Princes of Moscow, invariably observed this tradition. The crowned family was convinced that enumeration of the existing and newly acquired possessions in the official titles of the Russian monarchs spoke of Russia's might and greatness and confirmed its prestige both inside and outside the country.
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| 7 |
ID:
173293
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| Summary/Abstract |
On September 19, 2019, the European Parliament passed a resolution "On the importance of European remembrance for the future of Europe"1 that, among other things, shifted the burden of equal responsibility for World War II onto Germany and the USSR. The same document accuses Moscow of decades of occupation of Eastern Europe which slowed down their socio-economic and democratic development and suggests another Nuremberg tribunal to conduct legal inquiries into the crimes of "Stalinism," etc. On the whole, this document is the fullest presentation of what the Western political elites think about the Soviet Union and its role in World War II.
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| 8 |
ID:
173291
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DONALD TRUMP'S TENURE as U.S. president has shaken the Germans' trust in the United States as guarantor of their security and well-being. They are going through a painful and complicated process of trying to comprehend the United States' policy of economic protectionism, its diplomacy of sanctions, and its demands that European nations raise their contributions to NATO's budget to 2% of their gross domestic product (GDP).
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| 9 |
ID:
173297
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THE PRODUCTIVE FORCES of any society come together in a trio of components: natural resources, human labor and capital (or tools of labor), and technology. The significance of these three components underwent radical changes with the onset of the industrial revolution of the 18th century, and the development of machine production dramatically increased the role of capital and technology in the economic production cycle.
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| 10 |
ID:
173299
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INDIA is invariably mentioned among new major international actors. This is logical. Populated by 1.38 billion people, India is the world's second-largest country in terms of population. Its economy grew by a factor of 3.3 between 2000 and 2017 and, with its gross domestic product accounting for 7.4% of global GDP in terms of purchasing power parity, became the world's third-largest economy in 2017 after the economies of the United States and China. India's armed forces are the world's fourth-most powerful military after those of the United States, Russia and China. India possesses nuclear weapons and runs a space program comparable to those of the European Union, China and Japan. India holds a key geostrategic position along with increasingly powerful China, the oil- and natural gas-producing Middle East, and Africa with its growing economies. India also controls key shipping routes in the Indian Ocean.
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| 11 |
ID:
173292
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THE BLACK SEA is a traditional crossroads of civilizations through which run currents of Orthodox Christianity, Islam and Western culture. Located at the crossroads of Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East, rich in natural resources, and containing significant economic potential, the Black Sea region is a strategically important zone. Its location and growing role in matters of energy transit are raising its geopolitical significance as a link between Europe and the Caspian region, while also playing a role in heightening security problems.
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| 12 |
ID:
173290
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Armen Oganesyan, Editor-in-Chief of International Affairs: Sergey Alexeyevich, let's begin with the most topical issue - i.e., the coronavirus. Currently, the U.S. has the world's highest number of coronavirus infections and deaths. U.S. President Donald Trump has slammed the World Health Organization (WHO) and halted funding to the WHO. How would you comment on this situation?
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| 13 |
ID:
173296
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| Summary/Abstract |
AMID the current technological breakthrough, the spread of information and communication technologies (ICT) is one of the important factors shaping a new political reality in Russia and the world as a whole. Scholars note that at the present time, government agencies, the business community and private users are increasingly dependent on computer technology and access to information networks [2]. Likewise, participants in world politics have significant advantages in achieving their goals when one of the tools they use to pursue their objectives is the global information and communication space, which essentially has no borders.
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| 14 |
ID:
173305
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE MEMOIRS of Ye.P. Palievskaya (1912-2008), written in the 1970s, cover almost 30 years of family history against the backdrop of our national history. Coming from a Russian pre-revolutionary intelligentsia family, she had a trouble-free childhood. Her youth coincided with the first years of Soviet power. Then came war, life under occupation, fascist camps, and, finally, her return to the Motherland. She wrote only for her family. Under the circumstances of the times, she could never even bring up that during the war, she, along with her husband, parents, and four children, had been under occupation and locked up, so she thought up a pseudonym for herself, Vera Ivanovna. Her husband, Vasily Mkhailovich, became Nikolai Ivanovich. Gradually, the more intent she became to tell her story, she put aside her fear and began to write in the first person. We offer the reader several excerpts from these recollections about the trials of a Russian family during the Great Patriotic War. These memoirs are being prepared for publication.
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| 15 |
ID:
173307
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY of Sciences' Institute of the Far East (RAS IFE) has published a new study on the establishment and evolution of the Russia-India-China (RIC) dialogue structure. Sergey Uyanayev's book "Russia-India-China in the Context of a New World Order"* is the first monograph in Russia's studies of the East that analyzes the main stages in the evolution the Russia-India-China strategic triangle since 1998. when Academician Yevgeny Primakov, a Russian political figure and statesman, underscored the need to strengthen trilateral relations and collaboration between Moscow, Delhi and Beijing.
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| 16 |
ID:
173301
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| Summary/Abstract |
HUMAN INTERACTION with the political sphere of society takes place by means of information and communication channels. The public communication space is where the political agenda is set, the balance of power in the national and international arenas is adjusted, and where interested parties "take a seat at the table" to discuss these and other issues. This space is under constant transformation, as developing ICTs are opening up new methods of communication between political actors and society, articulating the positions of opinion leaders and pressure groups, as well as establishing effective feedback.
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| 17 |
ID:
173304
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| 18 |
ID:
173294
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| Summary/Abstract |
THE MIDDLE EAST remains one of the zones of high tension and instability in the contemporary world. Today, new challenges - e.g., international terrorism, the crises in Iran, Iraq, Yemen, Libya, and Syria - are adding to the old and deeply rooted problems created by the Arab-Israeli conflict. The unresolved issue of the weapons of mass destruction (WMD) increases regional destabilization even though the issue of a zone free from nuclear and other types of weapons of mass destruction (WMD-Free Zone) in the region has been discussed by the international community for several decades now. So far, almost no results have been achieved in fulfillment of the 1995 Resolution on the Middle East.
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