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ID: 173968

China’s Arctic engagement: domestic actors and foreign policy / Kossa, Martin

Kossa, Martin	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

Environmental changes in the Arctic region attract global attention. China, with its growing power, has been steadily increasing its presence in the region and in January 2018 published its first Arctic policy paper. At the same time, there are numerous actors within China that are interested in the Arctic and have the capacity to influence China’s Arctic decision-making process. However, what is less clear, is how China’s Arctic policy is being formulated across the Chinese government and what role different subnational actors play in its formulation and implementation. This research seeks to fill this gap. Drawing on fieldwork and Chinese texts, this study aspires to further develop our understanding of the workings behind Chinese state policy formation.

Key Words

China ; Arctic ; Belt and Road Initiative ; Subnational actors ; Foreign Policy Making ; Polar Silk Road

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ID: 186367

Russia’s Arctic Designs and NATO / Odgaard, Liselotte

Odgaard, Liselotte	Journal Article
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The war in Ukraine has made Russia’s Arctic strategy of developing the Northern Sea Route more important. Moscow and Beijing share interests in redirecting Russian energy and mineral exports towards China and expanding infrastructure along Russia’s Arctic coastline to connect the Northern Sea Route with China’s Polar Silk Road. Chinese investments and technology are necessary to realise the sea route’s commercial potential and protect Russia’s Arctic security interests. Supply lines between North America and Europe traverse the High North. China is supporting a strengthened Russian defence posture by expanding cooperation on intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance. This will help Russia challenge NATO along both China’s coastline and Russia’s borders with NATO. Accordingly, NATO needs to devise a strategy that recognises the interdependence of its eastern and northern flanks.

Key Words

NATO ; China ; Russia ; Ukraine ; Arctic ; Northern Sea Route ;
Polar Silk Road

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