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| 1 |
ID:
177670
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article explores the Taliban’s insurgency (2007–9) in Swat valley (Pakistan), with two objectives: (a) how civilians survive violence and (b) what their survival strategies mean for them. Drawing on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, conducted in 2016 to 2019, it offers a typology of civilians’ survival strategies which includes resistance, accommodation, readjustment and withdrawal. It finds that although the strategies worked, resistance and accommodation have had a detrimental impact on civilians in the form of direct violence. In comparison, readjustment and withdrawal helped them avoiding direct violence but have had a negative impact on civilian life and society.
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| 2 |
ID:
174605
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| Summary/Abstract |
Civilians deploy various strategies to survive violence in armed conflicts; literature, however, does not debate the relative effectiveness of such strategies. This article answers how certain strategies are valued and are employed frequently in comparison to others. Based on qualitative fieldwork in Swat Valley undertaken in 2016 to 2019, where Taliban insurgents fought against the State of Pakistan in 2007–09, the research finds that civilians deployed resistance, accommodation, resolution, readjustment and withdrawal to survive. It further finds that as violence intensifies, strategies of resistance and accommodation give way to strategies of readjustment and withdrawal.
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| 3 |
ID:
179365
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article discusses debates related to the meaning of violence and proposes the concept of ‘social violence’ to characterise and account for the forms of violence experienced by people in armed conflicts. Drawing on qualitative fieldwork in Pakistan’s Swat Valley, it analyses the social violence wrought by Taliban in 2007-9 and argues that the concept refers to disrespect, humiliation, dishonor and similar actions that damage the identity or reputation of people. Social violence as an analytical concept is a different way of seeing armed conflict, which also offers insights into how civilians are controlled in socially significant ways by insurgents.
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