| Summary/Abstract |
The military revolution thesis posited by Michael Roberts and expanded on by Geoffrey Parker places the trace italienne style of fortification of the early modern period as a novel creation, born out of the minds of Renaissance geniuses. Research shows, however, that the trace italienne’s key component, the angled bastion, has its roots in Greek and Roman writings, and in extant constructions by Roman and Byzantine engineers. The angled bastion of the trace italienne was yet another aspect of the resurgent Greek and Roman culture characteristic of the Renaissance. The writings of the ancients were bolstered by physical examples located in important trading and pilgrimage routes.
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