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| 1 |
ID:
177768
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper argues that the security perception in Romania has been oriented in the following 30 years after the 1989 Revolution towards a gradually implemented multidimensional approach that can be identified both in the subsequent security strategies and in the national or European public opinion polls. The case study focuses on the perception of the risks and threats affecting both the Romanian society and other countries, the identification of specific patterns, the way in which the security sector has changed over time, and the pace of adapting the security policy to the dynamics of the security environment.
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| 2 |
ID:
177766
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| Summary/Abstract |
Austria's security architecture has changed significantly following the end of the Cold War. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the country's accession to the EU in 1995, and the Yugoslav Wars in the 1990s led to a re-calibration of the Austrian understanding of foreign and security policy. As a result, Austria became more engaged in international peace-keeping operations and was interacting more with international organisations (EU, NATO-PfP). Austria became more and more engaged with EU CSDP, which de-facto undermined the country's neutrality, even if the neutrality issue keeps coming up at the level of political discourses. The public assessment of perceived threats is shifted from more traditional threat categories (e.g. crime) towards new security challenges (e.g. immigration), but in general, Austrians feel extraordinarily safe in comparison with other European nations.
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| 3 |
ID:
177762
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| Summary/Abstract |
Between 1989 and 2018, the basic characteristics of the security perception of the Hungarian society remained constant, but significant changes occurred in the realm of security policy. The security perception of the Hungarian society retained its multidimensional character, while non-military dimensions became increasingly predominant. As a consequence of the changing strategic environment and the country's accession to NATO, Hungary became a more active actor in international security policy, albeit with strict limitations on the use of force. The changes in Hungary's foreign policy orientation after the end of the Cold War can be best described as a gradual and consistent shift towards Euro-Atlantic integration, facilitated by both external and internal factors. Furthermore, the Hungarian Defence Forces began their transformation from a Soviet-type mass army into a Western-type of expeditionary model of armed forces, that has been further accelerated by a new large-scale modernisation programme since 2016.
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| 4 |
ID:
177767
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| Summary/Abstract |
Article is an attempt to answer the question about the state of Poland's security in years 1989-2017, what are its determinants, what kind of challenges Poland faces and which of them may turn into a threat and which into an opportunity, or what Polish potential is and which of its components determine its position on the international arena. It is achieved through a detailed analysis of actions undertaken by Poland in the international arena to strengthen its international position as well as the level of its security. Thus, the aim is to identify those determinants which may contribute to establish a stronger position and which can create problems and become a formidable challenge in the context of various aspects of security, and even develop into a threat.
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| 5 |
ID:
177772
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| Summary/Abstract |
Serbia has important role in the regional peace and stability in South Eastern Europe. Over the last three decades Serbian security policies have been directly shaped by numerous turbulent political, social, and economic circumstances. In order the better to understand what determines the patterns of development and perceptions of Serbian security strategy and defence policies, a comprehensive overview of the legislative and institutional mechanisms of Serbian security and foreign policy in combination with content analysis of the key strategic security documents and analysis of the socio-political developments in Serbian society were conducted. After a period of confrontational discourse and abuse of the security system, the democratic changes in Serbia in the beginning of 2000s resulted with reforms in the security system as well. However, many of them were not undertaken systematically. Serbian security and foreign policy priorities are mainly determined by the EU accession process and the status of Kosovo.
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| 6 |
ID:
177764
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| Summary/Abstract |
All Czech strategic security documents since the end of the Cold War have been based on the argument that the risk of any direct military aggression against the territory of the Czech Republic is virtually nil. The 2015 Security Strategy responded to the changes of international security environment, especially to the Russian aggressive policy in Ukraine, hybrid war waged by Russia against the West, escalation of conflict in Syria against the background of the Arab Spring and the refugee crisis directly related to it. The 2015 Strategy continuously develops the ties to the transatlantic security partnership (NATO) and building up the security dimension of the European integration process. However, it is very likely that the Czech Republic can be expected to become a passive actor, meeting its allies' expectations only to an extent that is strictly necessary.
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| 7 |
ID:
177763
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| Summary/Abstract |
The development of Slovak and security policy faced many challenges throughout last few decades. Slovakia, since its independence in 1993, was trying to find its geopolitical orientation - from the “bridge” between West and East, through the “black-hole” of Europe to the fully-fledged member of the EU and NATO. The main aim of this article is to provide a short, but detailed, description of the changes in Slovak security perceptions and development of the Slovak security policy and also to reveal how these changes influenced the opinion and perceptions of Slovak citizens.
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| 8 |
ID:
177765
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| 9 |
ID:
177770
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| Summary/Abstract |
Croatia's security environment went through a gradual change since the declaration of independence in 1991. The changing environment is reflected on in the National Security Strategy and also in the security perception of the population. This period was marked with a solid transition of foreign policy by joining NATO and EU, and by later on fulfilling the responsibilities coming with the membership. These responsibilities include the participation in an increased number of peace support operations, and contribution to the common responses of the EU to the security threats of today. To live up to these challenges Croatia needs to develop its military capabilities, which Croatia has begun with the acquisition of air force equipment.
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