| Summary/Abstract |
Recently declassified British records reveal London’s misgivings about America’s 1987 reflagging and escorting of Kuwaiti tankers amid the Iran-Iraq War. This early case study illustrates the challenges of conducting coalition warfare in the Middle East, even with a close, cooperative partner. National-level differences revealed surmountable fissures in coordinating naval strategies and operations, yet the benefits of the relationship justified the friction encountered.
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