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| 1 |
ID:
182265
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| Summary/Abstract |
In our immediate solar neighbourhood in space is the Sun and then in order Mercury, Venus, Earth (and its satellite the Moon), Mars (and its satellites Fobos and Deimos) and then a series of asteroids. This is the arena for a growing international effort, both co-operative and competitive, not only in exploration but also in increasingly commercial terms. A race to exploit resources to be found in space, not least in the asteroid belt, is developing. These space activities have both political and economic impact on Earth. Greater collaboration is essential in future, especially to deal with potential dangers from space.
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| 2 |
ID:
182268
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| Summary/Abstract |
Both New Zealand and Australia have flourishing space industries and in both government intervention is important in their development. Although the two countries have similar political economies, they intervene in different fashion. In New Zealand the focus is more on facilitating the activity of market actors, but in Australia there is more emphasis on guiding space development. Whereas New Zealand, for instance, seeks to reduce regulatory burdens, Australia focuses on financing business segments in the industry that it wants to grow. That business-government relations in the two countries differ may be one explanation for this contrasting approach.
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| 3 |
ID:
182271
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| Summary/Abstract |
Terrorist threats and actions are as real to New Zealand as they are to other nations. There are those from outside our borders who wish us ill and may use terror, or the threat of terror, to advance their aims. In addition, some within our borders are so disaffected as to use the instruments of terror to further their ends and threaten our collective security. Countering terrorism requires an understanding of the nature of the threat. A number of elements need to be co-ordinated and timely counter-action is essential. An effective legislative framework and administrative resources are vital prerequisites.
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| 4 |
ID:
182266
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| Summary/Abstract |
It still surprises many people to learn that New Zealand has a space industry, let alone one that regularly launches satellites into orbit and has connections across the globe. New Zealand's space sector is not dominated by a large government funded space agency but is commercially-driven by a range of smaller, specialised companies. The success of New Zealand's space sector is also underpinned by international connections and the government plays a critical role in enabling these connections. These international connections shape and drive our interests. They also provide avenues to form partnerships and open up commercial opportunities to drive New Zealand's economic development.
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| 5 |
ID:
182270
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| Summary/Abstract |
America's withdrawal from Afghanistan has been compared to its withdrawal from South Vietnam, and cited as two examples among many of US blunders, set-backs and losses of allies and influence since the Second World War. But there is compelling counter-evidence showing numerous US contributions to global stability and justice. The United States is still the least bad choice as a leader of liberal states to resist the current surge of authoritarianism fostered by China and Russia and illiberal political leaders and parties. It needs to stand firm on democratic values internationally by embedding the erstwhile American Century in a Liberal Century.
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| 6 |
ID:
182267
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| Summary/Abstract |
The development of space technology has both provided a base to study the universe and improved the information we have about the Earth, aiding our daily lives. Both the United Kingdom's Integrated Review and new National Space Strategy represent significant shifts in our nation's strategic outlook and recognise the increasing role that technological innovation plays in our lives, the South Pacific and worldwide. Recent British space initiatives in the South Pacific region and our multilateral efforts to promote the responsible use of space illustrate the approach favoured by the United Kingdom. Space is emerging as a new paradigm for international engagement.
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| 7 |
ID:
182269
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| Summary/Abstract |
Since its signature in 1968, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty has been the cornerstone of international efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. It remains relevant in the world today, despite vast changes in the international setting. The 'grand bargain' that underpinned the original agreement is under threat as the latest in the series of five-yearly NPT review conferences looms. With so much at stake in this gathering, in New York in January 2022, the nuclear-weapon states must come ready to make progress on nuclear disarmament - to keep the grand bargain moving forward. New Zealand will strongly support such action.
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