|
|
|
Sort Order |
|
|
|
Items / Page
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
182795
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
Since the early 1980s, special economic zones (SEZs) in China have benefited from targeted place-based policies intended to promote local employment and economic growth. What remain poorly understood is whether SEZs serve to give birth to new firms, or rather attract and support the re-establishment of firms from other places. To address this question, this paper examines the impact of SEZs on employment growth in rural counties in China. Using ASIF panel data representing the activity of manufacturing firms for the period 1999 to 2008, this paper assesses the employment effects of SEZs according to firm births, relocation, expansion, and firm closure. By matching counties with future SEZs as comparison groups, the difference-in-differences estimates show that SEZs significantly increase employment in rural counties due to the creation of new firms and the expansion of existing large firms; in contrast, SEZs fail to promote firms to move in and restrain firms from moving out. Further, data analysis reveals significant regional heterogeneity, with the employment effects of SEZs on firm entry strongest for the eastern coastal region. Finally, we confirm that SEZs tend to reduce local industrial agglomeration in the eastern and central regions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
ID:
182731
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
This paper examines the impact of pilot zones for integrating informatization and industrialization (PZIIs), a novel place-based techno-industrial policy for innovation. Combining quality-adjusted invention patent data, we find that PZIIs have a significant and positive impact on urban innovation. Direct or indirect government support plays a vital role in mediating policy effects. The higher the government's fiscal self-sufficiency rate, or the more economic resources it has, the stronger the policy effects. Moreover, policy effects are amplified in pilot zones that incorporate PZII performance into local government performance assessments and span multiple prefectural administrative units. Indirect government support is reflected in the promotion of market-oriented reforms. Policy effects are greater in pilot zones with a higher degree of marketization. Further, based on firm data, we show that PZIIs effectively guide firms to increase R&D investment, indicating that PZIIs create innovation incentives. Our paper facilitates understanding the role of government in accelerating the penetration of new technology into industrial upgrades.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 |
ID:
182807
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
This paper investigates the effect of the cancellation of China's program of “national poverty counties”—a place-based policy—on county-level fiscal expenditures. Our difference-in-differences results indicate that the cancellation reduces the county fiscal expenditure-to-GDP ratio by an average of 3.78%. To support a causal interpretation of these findings, we provide two plausible explanations, the reverse flypaper effect and the active/passive waste effect. Our findings survive the consideration of selection bias, omitted-variable bias, and spatial correlation. Policy implications of our findings are also discussed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|