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| 1 |
ID:
187271
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| Summary/Abstract |
Why do migrants choose some destinations over others? This study explores government language policy and the role of language differences in migration decisions. While governments can use language policy to reduce communication barriers, vernaculars remain critical in terms of regional communication and identity recognition. Using a survey experiment and econometric analyses of nationally representative data from China, the authors examine the communication and cultural roles of language in migration decisions in the context of a unifying common national language. The empirical tests find that migrants prefer destinations where local vernacular languages are more similar to their own, despite a common national language. Once migrants have moved, a common national language helps migrants communicate and therefore remain in their migration destinations, but it does not eliminate the role of the local vernacular as a cultural marker. The result is that both the common language and local vernacular matter for domestic migration, even in a country where the government has promoted a single common language for six decades. The findings have far-reaching implications for migration policy and citizenship management in general.
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| 2 |
ID:
187277
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This article analyses the relationship between robotisation, quality of employment and workers' happiness by using the 2018 data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey. The study reveals that robotisation has an impact on workers' happiness and that quality of employment has a related moderating effect. Robotisation tends to increase retained workers' income and improves labour security at the expense of laid-off workers, resulting in increased working hours and reduced work autonomy. In one perspective, workers are controlled and alienated by robotisation. Factories however stabilise workers' motivation by increasing workers' wages and improving their labour security. The effect of robotisation on workers' happiness is enhanced by the increase in wage income but limited by the increase in working hours. The influence of robotisation on different skilled workers is heterogeneous; specifically, the effect on low-skilled workers is even greater than the average. Therefore, dealing with the dynamic changes of the relationship among the state, capital and workers is of paramount importance in order to realise the harmonious development of man–machine.
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| 3 |
ID:
187275
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This article compares receipt of dibao social assistance in rural and urban areas of China using household data from seven province-level units. The probability of dibao receipt is positively related to the number of persons in the household who are older, adults who do not work and to the possibility that the head of household is in poor health. Means testing based on household income is more stringent in urban areas while low household wealth is a more important factor of dibao receipt in rural areas. In rural China, membership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) increases the probability of dibao receipt. A larger proportion of ethnic minority households than majority households receive dibao.
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| 4 |
ID:
187276
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| Summary/Abstract |
The concept of social protection and its analytical framework have gradually become important tools for analysing the development of social policies globally. However, few studies have examined social protection issues in Chinese megacities. This article uses the social protection index developed by the Asian Development Bank to analyse the development of social protection in Guangzhou, a megacity. Results have shown that between 2013 and 2015, Guangzhou's soaring social protection expenditures and the ongoing improvement of social protection have significantly improved people's standard of living. Despite the narrowing gap in gross domestic product per capita between Guangzhou and developed countries, there is still a huge gap in social protection. In addition, since social policy is heavily biased towards social insurance and social assistance in Chinese megacities, there are far fewer labour market programmes developed for poor people, compared to other developed countries. The authors recommend that Guangzhou increases its social expenditures and focuses on restructuring its social protection system.
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| 5 |
ID:
187270
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) was established in 2014 to fund infrastructure plans and enhance economic development in Asia. As a founding member, China's strong presence raises the question of whether Beijing is selectively using institutions to promote its interests, or if it genuinely sees itself as a responsible power in the international community. This also leads to an empirical puzzle: What are China's strategies in maintaining a new institution? How can Beijing assure others and gain more influence in global economic governance? This study challenges the views on China's hegemonic ambitions in creating the AIIB, and suggests that Beijing's experience of socialisation in international organisations has positively contributed to China's institutional strategy. The author engages the current "China threat" debates in the literature of international relations and highlights that China's maintenance of both its benign image and its institutional strategy remains an understudied area. The author proposes a normative perspective to highlight Beijing's strategy in responding to the "China threat" theory. China's rise indeed offers both challenges and opportunities to the current world order.
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| 6 |
ID:
187274
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How did the engagement of various stakeholders affect the legislative process resulting in the Charity Law of the People's Republic of China? This article employs methods of participant observation, expert consultation and qualitative document analysis to find an answer. Results indicate that the power distribution in the legislative process was neither uniform nor one-directional. Power was distributed among a limited scope of stakeholders, then largely to all stakeholders and finally only to the legislative committee of the National People's Congress (NPC). The NPC committees had a significant impact on the philanthropy legislation; while seemingly marginal stakeholders, such as prominent academics, actually wielded more power through specialities and political connections than those institutions with traditional authority, such as the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Throughout the legislative process, various stakeholders have exerted effects on the representation of legal contexts (e.g. the chapter on charitable trusts) and the regulation of specific affairs (e.g. online fundraising). This study provides crucial insights into the power dynamics and stakeholder effect in the philanthropy legislative processes in China and explores the nuances inherent in the transformation of philanthropy in Chinese civil society.
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| 7 |
ID:
187273
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Through investigation of a mass incident to resist the ecological ruin of an emigrant Chinese village in the early 2000s, this article analyses the logic of governmentality underlying the flow of communication and supervision during resolution of a pollution protest. This case study demonstrates how emphasis was placed not on personalistic social ties but on organisational relationships. In examining the key role that overseas Chinese organisations played in resolving this case, this article reveals the governing principle of "diplomatic priority". And due to the governing principles underlying "territory management", self-preservation leads local officials to shirk from administrative responsibility. Fear of responsibility and joint liability functions as a roadblock in the flow of legitimate information, and can lead to covering up or suppressing lawful environmental concerns, thereby hampering the timely resolution of the issue.
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| 8 |
ID:
187272
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| Summary/Abstract |
Chinese diasporic newspapers are distributed in more than 63 countries. How can they survive in the social media age? A five-year investigation into 169 Chinese diasporic newspapers across 42 countries revealed five factors: elderly and Chinese audiences unfamiliar with host-land languages are at the core of readership; editors are enthusiastic about their careers; advertisers subsidise these newspapers to reach ethnic Chinese markets; media convergence keeps some newspapers alive; and some newspapers improve content quality to adapt to the social media age. Finally, this research conceptualises two survival paradigms, unveiling how these special media interact with diasporic communities and mainstream societies in a global arena.
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| 9 |
ID:
187278
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| Summary/Abstract |
China's New-type Urbanisation Plan has greatly impacted hundreds of millions of rural citizens. This article provides a comprehensive review on recent urbanisation trends with respect to the Chinese rural population. It offers three key findings: (i) the actual progress of current urbanisation is significant yet still limited; (ii) the reform strategies of rural land marketisation and restructuring urbanisation finance are innovative yet largely unrealised; and (iii) the goals of growth and citizenship embedded in reform strategies may be inconsistent and contradictory. Despite reflecting a significant rural-to-urban demographic transformation, China's new-type urbanisation trajectory is a long-drawn-out process.
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