| Summary/Abstract |
THE TERM "warfare" has increasingly blurred boundaries in the 21st century, with countries coming up with new forms of conflicts against adversary states. This has led to the emergence of new terms such as "postmodern wars" [16], "mutiny wars" [4], and "network-centric warfare" [2]. The best-known of these new terms is "hybrid warfare," which came into being between the late 1990s and early 2000s. It is believed to have emerged in the US. Frank G. Hoffman was one of the first to write about changes to methods of warfare and to give a definition of hybrid warfare: "Hybrid threats incorporate a full range of different modes of warfare including conventional capabilities, irregular tactics and formations, terrorist acts including indiscriminate violence and coercion, and criminal disorder.... These multi-modal activities can be conducted by separate units, or even by the same unit, but are generally operationally and tactically directed and coordinated within the main battlespace to achieve synergistic effects in the physical and psychological dimensions of conflict" [19, p. 8]. Characteristics of a hybrid conflict arguably include
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