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| 1 |
ID:
188934
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the number of people involved in ‘flexible’ labour, more commonly known as ‘gig’ work. This has stimulated discussions over its various characteristics, including the lifestyle, mental health, fair treatment and overall well-being of gig workers. This article seeks to understand how the plight of gig workers can be reduced by effective regulation. For this, the authors identify seven characteristic features of the gig economy that harm the workers’ well-being. Then, the authors explain mechanisms in which the plight of these workers resulting from these seven factors can be reduced through efficient regulation. For this, the authors incorporate particular suggestions offered by some scholars outside India and modify them to suit the Indian context better. The authors also forward novel methods to regulate the gig economy. This article first defines and describes the gig economy. After that, it discusses various aspects like the quality of life, position of women and workplace dynamics of the gig economy. Then, this article recommends seven ways in which the sufferings of the workers can be reduced, and the gig economy can be better regulated in India.
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| 2 |
ID:
188940
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Recent research on the informal sector has devoted considerable attention in examining how informal traders have been affected by the coronavirus in different temporal and spatial settings. However, less well understood is the extent to which central and local governments can cunningly use the veil of COVID-19 pandemic to regulate and re-shape the informal sector. Seeking to remedy this shortcoming in the prevailing accounts and utilising a qualitative research methodology including observations, discourse analysis, critical review of policy pronouncements, by-laws, legislation, video evidence from city officials, government, health authorities, vendors associations, newspapers articles and through a case study analysis of Harare City in Zimbabwe. The article contributes to the academic and policy discussions on how law, disease outbreak, policy and governmentality of African urban spaces intersect.
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| 3 |
ID:
188932
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| Summary/Abstract |
Networks are important systems that impact multiple aspects of economic activities such as investments, businesses, innovation, and entrepreneurship skills. However, there is scant literature examining the crucial networks needed to inform diasporas’ decisions and oversee businesses/investments in their countries of origin. Using social network theory, the primary data for this article were gathered using in-depth interviews from 2019 to 2020. This is in addition to the authors’ primary insights over more than three decades into migration trajectories, diaspora existentialities, and investment domains in Nigeria. Findings suggest that some diasporas involve their networks such as family members and friends in their investment decision-making processes and eventual investments, while others have mistrust for their networks with implications for real investment choices and eventual outcomes. This article clearly shows that the diaspora networks within their investments’ thresholds, the roles of significant others, and the challenges of the diaspora are highly dynamic and ambivalent, as demonstrated through the Nigerian experience.
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| 4 |
ID:
188933
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study extends the previous literature on the wage effects of over-education, focusing on young doctorate holders (DHs). It also contributes to the conventional over-education literature on a causal relationship between over-education and wages by implementing techniques of propensity score matching (PSM). By tackling potential bias as a consequence of omitted variable bias via the PSM strategy, this study provides evidence of the negative influence of over-education on wages (i.e., the over-education wage penalty) once potential sources of bias are adequately considered. While the current analysis is focused on one country, South Korea, its results might be relevant for many other countries that have experienced a rapid expansion in the supply of DHs over recent years.
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| 5 |
ID:
188937
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study was a quasi experiment involving 470 school children who were survivors of abduction in Northern Nigeria. There were two interventions: the first was a face-to-face counselling, while the second was a visual multimedia counselling intervention. The result of the study showed that at baseline, all the respondents reported high school dropout propensity. However, after the treatment, respondents in the visual multimedia group reported lower school dropout propensity when compared to their counterparts in the face-to-face counselling. The researchers made recommendations based on the results of the study.
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| 6 |
ID:
188936
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| Summary/Abstract |
The main objective of this paper is to test the influence of Africa’s founding fathers and the impact of British colonial legacy on the political stability of Africa. We relied on a sample of 50 African countries and employed cross-sectional research designs, which covered two separate periods (1960–1989 and 1990–2018). Using logistic regression and OLS estimators and controlling for French colonial legacy, economic development, regime type, ethnic heterogeneity, and ethnic polarization, we found that the founding fathers were conducive to Africa’s political stability between 1960 and 2018. We also found that British colonial legacy had some impact on former British colonies’ stability between 1960 and 2018. In addition, GDP per capita had a significant impact on Africa’s political stability over the two periods.
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| 7 |
ID:
188939
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper makes use of interdependence theory to analyse the historical development of the economic relations between the GCC countries and the United States. The focus will be on oil and arms trade between the GCC countries and the United States. The results show that while the military and security dependence of the GCC countries on the United States remains relatively intact, the dependence of the United States on the natural resources of the GCC region has decreased. In light of this, the paper suggests that the historical interdependence between the GCC countries and the United States has recently evolved into a unilateral dependence and that the GCC countries’ natural resources are directed towards Asian countries.
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| 8 |
ID:
188935
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| Summary/Abstract |
In contrast to the pervasive confidence that the development of nuclear weapons ensures peace and stability by making wars too expensive to fight for, South Asian strategic stability has drifted into nasty security competition through arms race with an episodical crisis that continues at the sub-conventional level. Deterrence studies that were relegated to the bins of history soon after the end of the Cold War received a renewed interest of scholars on the subject since the demonstration of deterrent capabilities by South Asian rivals in 1998. A new wave of deterrence studies has developed in the current multipolar world with some scholars adopting Cold War models of analysis in the contemporary realms of South Asia, whereas other are attempting new analytical approaches. This article aims to offer a fresh look at how to provide a clear concept of strategic stability, how strategic stability is applicable in contemporary South Asia and what the recent crisis between India and Pakistan being interwoven with terrorism tells us about crisis stability between the two countries under the shadows of nuclear weapons.
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| 9 |
ID:
188938
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| Summary/Abstract |
The influence of succession on organisational sustainability has been widely acknowledged globally, but studies focusing specifically on farms remain relatively limited. This article examines the factors influencing succession in the newly occupied farms under the fast track land reform programme in Zimbabwe and their implications for the sustainability of the land reform programme. The study followed a qualitative multi-case research design. Data were collected using a combination of unstructured interviews, informal discussions, lived experience narrations and direct observations. Notwithstanding other structural and institutional constraints, the absence of succession arrangements and the politics of survival have been found to be the major threats to sustainability.
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| 10 |
ID:
188931
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| Summary/Abstract |
Many earlier studies have assessed Chinese poverty using monetary dimensions, but few have considered the time dimension. This research investigates multidimensional poverty in urban China, using data from the 2013 China Household Income Project, from the standpoints of income and time. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the socioeconomic causes of income poverty, time poverty, and income–constrained time poverty. Empirical results obtained from this study reveal that being a paid female worker or a private enterprise employee and bearing the financial burdens of housing and medical care have significant effects on the probability of being time poor. In addition, workers who have low academic achievement, children, and educational loans are particularly prone to suffering income–constrained time poverty. This study contributes to the assessment of severe poverty situations and suggests an increasing need for working time regulations and more support for less-educated workers in urban China.
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